Publication: Seyyid Mehmed Tevfik Efendi'nin Kuşeyrî Risâlesi şerhi (inceleme-metin)
Abstract
Abdülkerim Kuşeyrî’nin (ö. 465/ 1072) ilk dönem sûfîlerinden seksen üç kişinin hayatını ve menkıbelerini anlattığı, ayrıca tasavvufun temel kavramlarını, sûfîlerin bilgi ve varlık anlayışını izah ettiği er-Risâle namıyla da bilinen Kuşeyrî Risâlesi adlı eseri, yazıldığı on birinci asırdan günümüze kadar tasavvuf sahasında klasikleşmiş, İslâm’ı kabul ettikten sonra Ehl-i Sünnet çizgisinde kalmak için ayrıca gayret gösteren Türkler tarafından benimsenmiş, dinî-tasavvufî edebiyatımızı dolaylı olarak etkilemiş temel başvuru kaynaklarından biridir. olarak üzerinde çalıştığımız eser, Osmanlı’nın son dönemlerinde hayır, hasenat çalışmalarıyla adını ebedîleştiren Bezmiâlem Vâlide Sultan’ın (ö. 1853) isteği üzerine, Murad Molla Dergâhı derviş ve hocalarından, Encümen-i Daniş’in aslî üyesi es-Seyyid, eş-Şeyh Mehmed Tevfik Efendi (ö. 1274/ 1858) tarafından yazılan Kuşeyrî Risâlesi Tercüme ve Şerhi’dir. Eser, sebeb-i te’lif bölümünde izah edildiği üzere, Dârü’l-Maarif, Tıbbiye, Harbiye, Bahriye ve Adliye mekteplerinde, Âsitane’deki cami ve medreselerde bilhassa Arapçayı çok iyi bilmeyen talebenin mütalaa etmesi niyetiyle kaleme alınmıştır. Mehmed Tevfik Efendi, on dokuzuncu asırda yaşamış âlim, hâfız, mutasavvıf bir şahsiyettir. Şimdiye kadar üzerinde hiçbir araştırma yapılmamış olan Kuşeyrî Risâlesi Şerhi’nde şârih er-Risâle’yi serbest tercüme usûlüyle cümle cümle açıklamış, âyet, hadis, şiirler ve mutasavvıfların hayatlarından verdiği menkabevî örneklerle metni daha kolay anlaşılır bir hale getirmiştir.
Abdülkerim Kuşeyrî's (d. 465/ 1072) work called Kuşeyrî Treatise, also known as er-Risâle, in which he describes the lives and legends of eighty-three early Sufis and explains the basic concepts of Sufism and the Sufis' understanding of knowledge and existence, has become a classic in the field of Sufism since the eleventh century dates when it was written. It is one of the main reference sources that was adopted by the Turks, who made an effort to stay in the line of the Sunni after accepting Islam, and indirectly influenced our religious-sufistic literature. This work, which we are studying as part of a doctoral thesis, is the Translation and Commentary of the Kuşeyrî Risâlesi (Treatise of Kuşeyrî), written at the request of Bezmiâlem Vâlide Sultan (d. 1853), who immortalized her name through charitable works during the late Ottoman period. The work was authored by es-Seyyid, eş-Şeyh Mehmed Tevfik Efendi (d. 1274/ 1858), a member of the Encümen-i Daniş and a regular participant and teacher at the Murad Molla Dergâhı. As explained in the section on the reason for its composition, the work was written for the students, particularly those who were not very proficient in Arabic, studying at the Dârü’l-Maarif, Medical School, Military, Naval and Courthouse Schools, as well as at the mosques and madrasahs in the Âsitane. Mehmed Tevfik Efendi is a scholar, hafiz, and mystic who lived in the nineteenth century. In the Commentary on the Kuşeyrî Risâlesi, which has not been studied until now, the commentator explains the treatise sentence by sentence using a free translation method, making the text easier to understand with the help of examples from Qur'anic verses, hadiths, poems, and legendary stories from the lives of mystics.
Abdülkerim Kuşeyrî's (d. 465/ 1072) work called Kuşeyrî Treatise, also known as er-Risâle, in which he describes the lives and legends of eighty-three early Sufis and explains the basic concepts of Sufism and the Sufis' understanding of knowledge and existence, has become a classic in the field of Sufism since the eleventh century dates when it was written. It is one of the main reference sources that was adopted by the Turks, who made an effort to stay in the line of the Sunni after accepting Islam, and indirectly influenced our religious-sufistic literature. This work, which we are studying as part of a doctoral thesis, is the Translation and Commentary of the Kuşeyrî Risâlesi (Treatise of Kuşeyrî), written at the request of Bezmiâlem Vâlide Sultan (d. 1853), who immortalized her name through charitable works during the late Ottoman period. The work was authored by es-Seyyid, eş-Şeyh Mehmed Tevfik Efendi (d. 1274/ 1858), a member of the Encümen-i Daniş and a regular participant and teacher at the Murad Molla Dergâhı. As explained in the section on the reason for its composition, the work was written for the students, particularly those who were not very proficient in Arabic, studying at the Dârü’l-Maarif, Medical School, Military, Naval and Courthouse Schools, as well as at the mosques and madrasahs in the Âsitane. Mehmed Tevfik Efendi is a scholar, hafiz, and mystic who lived in the nineteenth century. In the Commentary on the Kuşeyrî Risâlesi, which has not been studied until now, the commentator explains the treatise sentence by sentence using a free translation method, making the text easier to understand with the help of examples from Qur'anic verses, hadiths, poems, and legendary stories from the lives of mystics.