Publication: Hz. Osman dönemi fitne olayları ve temel sebepleri
Abstract
Hz. Osman Dönemi Fitne Olayları ve Temel Sebepleri Hz. Peygamber’in (s) vefâtından yaklaşık on iki sene sonra, hicretin 23. Senesinin sonlarında İslam Devleti’nin II. Halifesi olan Ömer b. el-Hattâb (r) bir suikast sonucu hayatını kaybetti. Onun tarafından belirlenen şûra heyetine başkanlık eden Abdurrahman b. ‘Avf’ın insiyatifini Osman b. ‘Affâ’dan yana kullanması sonucu, Ümeyye Oğulları’ndan yaşlı bir seçkin olan Osman b. ‘Affân, İslam devletinin III. Halifesi sıfatıyla Müslümanların liderlik görevini devraldı. İktisâdî ve siyâsî alanda izlediği akraba ve arkadaş yanlısı politikalar onun siyâsî anlamdaki otoritesizliğiyle de birleşince atadığı vali ve yöneticilerin devleti kendi mülkleri olarak görüp ondan bağımsız hareket etmelerine sebep oldu. Bu vali ve yöneticiler aynı zamanda kabilecî bir anlayışın etkisiyle halkı küçük görüyorlardı. Ellerinde bulundurdukları güç ve iktidarı kabileci zihniyetle birleştiren Osman b. ‘Affân ve yönetim kadrosu kendilerini her alanda imtiyazlı olarak görüyorlardı. Bu da halkın onlar tarafından zulüm ve haksızlığa uğraması, belli bir azınlığın aşırı zenginleşmesine karşılık halkın yoksullaşması gibi bazı sonuçlar doğurdu. Bütün bunlara karşı Medine’de ve çevre şehirlerde bir halk muhalefeti oluştu. Halifenin, halkın şikâyet ve sorunlarına çözüm üretememesi sonucu halk muhalefeti bir isyan hareketine dönüştü. Bu isyan sonucunda Osman öldürüldü. Onun öldürülmesi ise Ümmetin hızlı bir toplumsal bölünme yoluna girmesine sebep oldu.
SEDITION EVENTS AND THEIR MAIN REASONS OF THE PERIOD OF CALIPH UTHMAN About twelve years after the Prophet Mohammad's death and at the end of the 23. year of the hijra Islamic State's II. Caliph Umar b. Al-Khattab was assassinated. Abdel Rahman b. Awf, who heads the consultation board of Caliph Umar, used his initiative for Uthman who is an old prestigious member of Umayyad Clan and Uthman became the III. Caliph and took over the leadership of the Islamic Community. Favoritism on his relatives and friends in economical and political policies when combinated with his politically weak nature, governors and directors appointed by him started to see the state as their own property and also made them move independently and irresponsibly. In the same time, by the effect of the clanism understanding, this governors and directors were looking down on the people. With the power and rulership they have and their clanism understanding, Uthman and his board of directors were seeing theirselfs privileged in every field. And this caused to people suffering oppression and injustice and a certain minority getting over enriched and impoverishment for the rest by them. As a result in Madina and in the near cities a public opposition movement started. Chalif's failing to solve the problems and complaints of the public resulted with an insurgence started by this opposition movement and Uthman was killed during this insurgence. His murder caused the Ummah go into a Social divison rapidly.
SEDITION EVENTS AND THEIR MAIN REASONS OF THE PERIOD OF CALIPH UTHMAN About twelve years after the Prophet Mohammad's death and at the end of the 23. year of the hijra Islamic State's II. Caliph Umar b. Al-Khattab was assassinated. Abdel Rahman b. Awf, who heads the consultation board of Caliph Umar, used his initiative for Uthman who is an old prestigious member of Umayyad Clan and Uthman became the III. Caliph and took over the leadership of the Islamic Community. Favoritism on his relatives and friends in economical and political policies when combinated with his politically weak nature, governors and directors appointed by him started to see the state as their own property and also made them move independently and irresponsibly. In the same time, by the effect of the clanism understanding, this governors and directors were looking down on the people. With the power and rulership they have and their clanism understanding, Uthman and his board of directors were seeing theirselfs privileged in every field. And this caused to people suffering oppression and injustice and a certain minority getting over enriched and impoverishment for the rest by them. As a result in Madina and in the near cities a public opposition movement started. Chalif's failing to solve the problems and complaints of the public resulted with an insurgence started by this opposition movement and Uthman was killed during this insurgence. His murder caused the Ummah go into a Social divison rapidly.