Publication: Türk sivil toplum kuruluşlarının Ortadoğu ve İslam ülkelerindeki insani diplomasi faaliyetleri
Abstract
İnsani yardım alanında çalışan Türk Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının adı 2000’li yılların başından itibaren yeni bir kavramla insani diplomasiyle birlikte anılmaktadır. İnsani yardım kuruluşları, insan veya doğa kaynaklı kriz bölgelerinde insani acıları hafifletmek üzere, salt insani yardım götürmenin ötesinde, sahada muhatap olunan faydalanıcıların insani yardıma erişimlerinin sağlanması, güvenli bölgelere tahliye edilmeleri, esaret altındakilerin özgürleştirilmesi gibi alanlarda diplomatik işleve başvurmaktadırlar. İkna, müzakere ve savunuculuk gibi yöntemlerle uygulanan insani diplomasi sahasında Türk STK’ların Ortadoğu ve İslam ülkelerindeki faaliyetleri aracılığıyla nasıl bir katma değer ürettikleri sorusu sorulmaya değerdir. Bu çalışma, insani diplomasi alanının mahiyetini, alandaki etkileşimleri ve yardım kuruluşlarının insani sorunların çözümüne getirdiği katkıları anlamak üzere Pierre Bourdieu’nün pratik teorisinden istifade etmiştir. Teorinin sunduğu alan metaforu, tanım ve kavram karmaşasının hâkim olduğu insani diplomasi alanının STK’lar açısından mahiyetinin anlaşılmasına ve bu kuruluşların alana katkılarının değerlendirilmesine imkân tanımıştır. Çalışmada incelenen sivil toplum kuruluşlarının çok boyutlu karmaşık krizlerde, sorun çözücü olduğu ancak bu rolün krize neden olan sorunun çözümü, krizin ortadan kaldırılması şeklinde değil kriz sonucunda oluşan insani acıların etkisini azaltma şeklinde olduğu görülmüştür. İnsani diplomasi faaliyetlerinin uzun vadeli sonuçlarının acıları hafifletme dışında kriz çözümü noktasındaki katkıları müteakip çalışmalarda takip edilmelidir.
Since the early 2000s, Turkish NGOs working in the field of humanitarian aid have been associated with a new concept of humanitarian diplomacy. In order to alleviate human suffering in man-made or natural crisis zones, humanitarian aid organisations have resorted to diplomatic functions in areas such as ensuring the access of beneficiaries to humanitarian aid, evacuating them to safe areas, and liberating those in captivity, beyond the mere delivery of humanitarian aid. In the field of humanitarian diplomacy, which is applied through methods such as persuasion, negotiation, and advocacy, it is worth asking what kind of added value Turkish NGOs produce through their activities in the Middle East and Islamic countries. This study draws on Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice to understand the nature of the humanitarian diplomacy field, the interactions in the field and the contributions of aid organisations to the solution of humanitarian problems. The metaphor of the field, provided by the theory, enabled the study to understand the nature of the field of humanitarian diplomacy from the perspective of NGOs. It also facilitated the evaluation of the contributions of these organizations to the field. At the end of the study, the following conclusion was reached: The civil society organisations examined are problem solvers in multidimensional complex crises. However, this problem-solving role is not in the form of eliminating the problems causing the crisis. NGOs are more effective in reducing the impact of human suffering. The long-term results of the humanitarian diplomacy activities of NGOs should be followed up in subsequent studies in terms of their contribution to crisis resolution other than alleviating suffering.
Since the early 2000s, Turkish NGOs working in the field of humanitarian aid have been associated with a new concept of humanitarian diplomacy. In order to alleviate human suffering in man-made or natural crisis zones, humanitarian aid organisations have resorted to diplomatic functions in areas such as ensuring the access of beneficiaries to humanitarian aid, evacuating them to safe areas, and liberating those in captivity, beyond the mere delivery of humanitarian aid. In the field of humanitarian diplomacy, which is applied through methods such as persuasion, negotiation, and advocacy, it is worth asking what kind of added value Turkish NGOs produce through their activities in the Middle East and Islamic countries. This study draws on Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice to understand the nature of the humanitarian diplomacy field, the interactions in the field and the contributions of aid organisations to the solution of humanitarian problems. The metaphor of the field, provided by the theory, enabled the study to understand the nature of the field of humanitarian diplomacy from the perspective of NGOs. It also facilitated the evaluation of the contributions of these organizations to the field. At the end of the study, the following conclusion was reached: The civil society organisations examined are problem solvers in multidimensional complex crises. However, this problem-solving role is not in the form of eliminating the problems causing the crisis. NGOs are more effective in reducing the impact of human suffering. The long-term results of the humanitarian diplomacy activities of NGOs should be followed up in subsequent studies in terms of their contribution to crisis resolution other than alleviating suffering.
