Publication: İslam Cumhuriyeti haber ajansı (IRNA) haberciliği bağlamında İran dış politikası
Abstract
İran’ın devlet haber ajansı olan İslam Cumhuriyeti Haber Ajansı (IRNA), otoriter medya kuramı bağlamında ele alınmış olup İran’ın komşu ülkeleriyle geliştirdiği dış politikasına yönelik haberler incelenmiştir. Bu haberlerin İran dış politikası ile ideolojik anlamda ne kadar uyumlu olduğu göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Araştırma yöntemi olarak toplumsal inşacı yaklaşım temelinde ortaya çıkan ve izler kitlenin ne hakkında, nasıl düşünmesi gerektiğini öne çıkaran haber çerçeveleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Haber kuruluşlarının kullandığı çerçevelerle, izler kitlenin bu çerçeveler üzerinden dünyayı anlamlandırması beklenmektedir. Böylece birtakım tutumların gelişmesi ve yeni düşüncelerin benimsenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Analiz kapsamında, IRNA’nın Farsça sayfasından 2024 yılı Ocak ve Kasım ayları arasında yayınlanan haberler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, IRNA’nın İran halkına belirli ‘çerçeveler’ üzerinden haber sunduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle İran’ın dış politikada aynı çizgide olduğu ülkelere yönelik haber sayısının daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra, haberlerin yoğun olarak işlendiği ülkelerin, İran’ın nüfuzunun güçlü olduğu bölgelerle örtüştüğü tespit edilmiştir. IRNA, İran’ın komşu ülkelerine yönelik haber çerçevelerini, büyük ölçüde İran dış politikası üzerinden oluşturmakla birlikte kimi zaman dış politikadaki çıkarlar doğrultusunda hareket etmiştir. Böylece haber sunumlarında birtakım ideolojik söylemlerin zayıf kaldığı ya da bazı söylemlerin öne çıkartılmadığı izlenmiştir. Örneğin, İran dış politikasında Devrim ideolojisinin öne çıkan en önemli unsuru olan ABD ve İsrail karşıtlığının, İran komşularının bu ülkelerle geliştirdiği ilişkileriyle göz ardı edildiği görülmüştür. Böylece İran’ın devrim ideolojisinden bağımsız dış politika izlediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu bağlamda haberler incelendiğinde, IRNA çerçevelerinin zaman zaman devrim ideolojisinden uzaklaşılsa da İran dış politikasından bağımsız olmadığı görülmüştür. Genel itibariyle İran komşu ülkelerine yönelik yapılan haberler, nitelik ve nicelik bakımından İran dış politikası ile uyumlu bir çerçevede sürdürülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, IRNA haberlerinde İran’ın, bölgede aktif, arabulucu, komşularıyla uyumlu bir politika izleyen, yalnız ve uyumsuz bir aktörden ziyade uzlaşmacı ve çözüm odaklı bir müttefik olarak konumlandırıldığı görülmüştür.
The Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA), Iran’s state news agency, was examined within the context of authoritarian media theory, and news about Iran’s foreign policy with its neighboring countries was examined. The ideological compatibility of these news stories with Iran’s foreign policy was taken into consideration. The news framing method, which emerged on the basis of the social constructivist approach and emphasizes what and how the audience should think, was used as the research method. The audience is expected to make sense of the world through the frames used by news organizations. In this way, it is aimed to develop certain attitudes and adopt new ideas. Within the scope of the analysis, news published on IRNA’s Persian page between January and November 2024 were examined. The findings revealed that IRNA presented news to the Iranian people through certain ‘frames’. It was observed that the number of news stories about countries with which Iran is aligned in foreign policy was higher. In addition, it was determined that the countries where the news was processed intensively overlapped with regions where Iran has strong influence. Although IRNA has largely formed news frames regarding Iran’s neighboring countries based on Iranian foreign policy, it has sometimes acted in line with foreign policy interests. Thus, it has been observed that some ideological discourses have remained weak or some discourses have not been highlighted in the news presentations. For example, it has been observed that the most important element of the Revolutionary ideology in Iranian foreign policy, the anti-US and anti-Israel sentiment, has been ignored by the relations developed by Iran’s neighbors with these countries. Thus, it has been concluded that Iran has a foreign policy independent of the revolutionary ideology. When the news is examined in this context, it has been seen that although IRNA frames have occasionally strayed from the revolutionary ideology, they are not independent of Iranian foreign policy. In general, the news regarding Iran’s neighboring countries has been maintained within a framework compatible with Iranian foreign policy in terms of quality and quantity. As a result, it has been observed that Iran has been positioned in IRNA news as a conciliatory and solution-oriented ally rather than a lonely and incompatible actor in the region, an active mediator, and a harmonious actor with its neighbors.
The Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA), Iran’s state news agency, was examined within the context of authoritarian media theory, and news about Iran’s foreign policy with its neighboring countries was examined. The ideological compatibility of these news stories with Iran’s foreign policy was taken into consideration. The news framing method, which emerged on the basis of the social constructivist approach and emphasizes what and how the audience should think, was used as the research method. The audience is expected to make sense of the world through the frames used by news organizations. In this way, it is aimed to develop certain attitudes and adopt new ideas. Within the scope of the analysis, news published on IRNA’s Persian page between January and November 2024 were examined. The findings revealed that IRNA presented news to the Iranian people through certain ‘frames’. It was observed that the number of news stories about countries with which Iran is aligned in foreign policy was higher. In addition, it was determined that the countries where the news was processed intensively overlapped with regions where Iran has strong influence. Although IRNA has largely formed news frames regarding Iran’s neighboring countries based on Iranian foreign policy, it has sometimes acted in line with foreign policy interests. Thus, it has been observed that some ideological discourses have remained weak or some discourses have not been highlighted in the news presentations. For example, it has been observed that the most important element of the Revolutionary ideology in Iranian foreign policy, the anti-US and anti-Israel sentiment, has been ignored by the relations developed by Iran’s neighbors with these countries. Thus, it has been concluded that Iran has a foreign policy independent of the revolutionary ideology. When the news is examined in this context, it has been seen that although IRNA frames have occasionally strayed from the revolutionary ideology, they are not independent of Iranian foreign policy. In general, the news regarding Iran’s neighboring countries has been maintained within a framework compatible with Iranian foreign policy in terms of quality and quantity. As a result, it has been observed that Iran has been positioned in IRNA news as a conciliatory and solution-oriented ally rather than a lonely and incompatible actor in the region, an active mediator, and a harmonious actor with its neighbors.