Publication: Bankacılık düzenlemelerinin bankaların finansal performanslarına etkileri : yükselen piyasa ekonomileri üzerine bir inceleme
Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasının amacı, bankacılık alanındaki yasal düzenlemelerin bankalar ve bankacılık sektörü üzerindeki etkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirmektir. Bu doğrultuda, bankacılık sektörüne yönelik düzenlemelerin yükselen piyasa ekonomileri olarak kabul edilen, Türkiye’nin de aralarında bulunduğu 26 ülkede yer alan 1649 ticari bankanın finansal performansları üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Banka finansal performansları CAMELS analizinin farklılaştırılmış bir hali kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Altı ana başlıkta sınıflandırılan bankacılık düzenlemelerinin bankaların genel finansal performansları ve finansal performansın alt bileşenleri üzerindeki etkileri sistem GMM yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, yabancıların bankacılık sektörüne girişlerinin kısıtlanmasının bankacılık sektörünü olumlu etkilediği, faaliyet kısıtlamalarının performans üzerindeki etkisinin çok sınırlı düzeyde olduğu, kuruluş sermayesine ilişkin düzenlemelerinin sıkılaştırılmasının performansı olumlu, genel sermaye düzenlemelerinin sıkılaştırılmasının ise olumsuz etkilediği anlaşılmıştır. Mevduat sigortası sisteminin güçlendirilmesinin performansı olumsuz etkilediği, bağımsız denetimin güçlendirilmesine, şeffaflığın arttırılmasına ve finansal raporlamanın geliştirilmesine yönelik düzenlemelerin performans üzerinde olumlu etki yarattığı çalışmada elde edilen diğer bazı sonuçlar olmuştur. Kamu denetçilerinin tecrübeleri ile banka performansı arasında pozitif, denetim otoritesinin bağımsızlığını arttırıcı düzenlemelerle banka performansı arasında ise negatif ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effects of banking regulations on banks and banking sector in a comprehensive way. In this direction, the effects of regulations on banking sector in the emerging market economies, consist of 26 countries (including Turkey) and 1649 commercial banks, were considered. Financial performance of banks was calculated using a differentiated version of the CAMELS analysis. The effects of banking regulations classified under six main headings on banks’ overall financial performance and sub-components of financial performance were analyzed using the system GMM method. Results showed that restrictions of foreign entry into the banking sector positively affected the banking sector; the effect of activity restrictions on performance was very limited; rigidification of the regulations on initial capital was positive, while on overall capital regulations had a negative effect. There were some other results obtained from the study, where the strengthening of the deposit insurance system adversely affected performance, and the regulations on strengthening independent auditing, improving transparency and improving financial reporting had a positive impact on performance. A positive correlation was found between the experience of the official supervisors and bank performance, while a negative relationship was found between the regulations that increased the independence of the official supervisory and the bank performance.
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effects of banking regulations on banks and banking sector in a comprehensive way. In this direction, the effects of regulations on banking sector in the emerging market economies, consist of 26 countries (including Turkey) and 1649 commercial banks, were considered. Financial performance of banks was calculated using a differentiated version of the CAMELS analysis. The effects of banking regulations classified under six main headings on banks’ overall financial performance and sub-components of financial performance were analyzed using the system GMM method. Results showed that restrictions of foreign entry into the banking sector positively affected the banking sector; the effect of activity restrictions on performance was very limited; rigidification of the regulations on initial capital was positive, while on overall capital regulations had a negative effect. There were some other results obtained from the study, where the strengthening of the deposit insurance system adversely affected performance, and the regulations on strengthening independent auditing, improving transparency and improving financial reporting had a positive impact on performance. A positive correlation was found between the experience of the official supervisors and bank performance, while a negative relationship was found between the regulations that increased the independence of the official supervisory and the bank performance.