Publication: İmâm Mâzerî’nin İzâhu’l-Mahsûl adlı eserinin incelenmesi (umum-husus görüşleri çerçevesinde)
Abstract
Bu araştırma, Mâlikî mezhebinin Mağribli son büyük fakihlerinden İmâm Mâzerî’nin (ö.536/ 1141), Mâlikî mezhebinde yeni bir dönemin başlatıcısı kabul edilen Îzâhu’l-mahsûl min Burhâni’l-usûl adlı usul eserini konu almaktadır. Araştırmada hedeflenen ana amaç, İmâmü’l-Harameyn el-Cüveynî’nin (ö.478/ 1085) el-Burhân’ının icmâ bahsine kadar şerhi olan Îzâhu’l-mahsûl’ü tanıtmak ve eserde yer alan “umum-husus” bölümü çerçevesinde eserin usul ilmindeki yerini tespit etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda tezde, Mâzerî’nin Îzâhu’l-mahsûl’de yer verdiği umum-husus görüşleri, Cüveynî’nin el-Burhân’ı ile mukayese edilerek aktarılmıştır. Daha sonra eserin usul ilmindeki yeri, Mâzerî’nin “umum-husus” bölümü çerçevesinde takip ettiği konu tasnifi ve metodunun belirlenmesi ve istifade ettiği kaynaklar ve kendisinden istifade eden kaynakların tespit edilmesi suretiyle tezde ortaya koyulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuca göre Îzâhu’l-mahsûl usul ilmine, mütekellimin usul metodunun sistematikleşmesi hususunda katkı sağlamıştır. Zira bu eser mütekellimin metodla kaleme alınan ilk eserlerden biri olan el-Burhân’ın şerhidir. Bununla birlikte Mâzerî’nin ana kaynaklarından birinin Bâkıllânî’nin et-Takrîb’i olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mâzerî, her ne kadar Bâkıllânî’nin adını zikretmese de umum-husus konusunda zikrettiği görüşlerini, et-Takrib’den aldığı tezde ilgili bölümlerde ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu anlamıyla Îzâhu’l-mahsûl, mütekellimin metodla kaleme alınan el-Burhân ve et-Takrîb arasında bir ilişki kurarak mütekellimin usulünde tartışılan meselelerin daha sistematik hâle gelmesine katkı sağlamış ve sonraki eserlere kaynaklık etmiştir.
This study examines Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl min Burhâni’l-Usûl, a work on Islamic legal theory (uṣûl al-fiqh) authored by Imam Māzarī (d. 536/ 1141), one of the last great jurists of the Mālikī school in the Maghrib. Regarded as a key figure who ushered in a new phase in Mālikī legal theory, Māzarī composed this work as a commentary on al-Burhān, the seminal treatise of Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī (d. 478/ 1085), up to the section on consensus (ijmāʿ). The primary aim of this research is to introduce Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl and to determine its place within the discipline of usûl al-fiqh, with particular focus on the chapter dealing with general and specific expressions (umūm–khusūs). To this end, the study presents Māzarī’s views on ʿumūm–khusūs in comparison with those of Juwaynī in al-Burhān. It also seeks to assess the work’s position in the broader field of legal theory by identifying the thematic structure and methodological approach followed by Māzarī in this chapter, as well as the sources he utilized and the later works that drew upon his treatise. The findings of the study indicate that Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl contributed significantly to the systematization of the mutakallimūn method in legal theory. As a commentary on al-Burhān, one of the earliest texts composed according to the mutakallimūn approach, Māzarī’s work carries forward this methodological legacy. Furthermore, it has been established that one of Māzarī’s principal sources was Bāqillānī’s al-Taqrīb. Although Māzarī does not mention Bāqillānī by name, the study demonstrates that several of his views on ʿumūm–khusūs align closely with those found in al-Taqrīb. In this respect, Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl serves as an intellectual bridge between al-Burhān and al-Taqrīb, contributing to the more systematic treatment of key uṣûl issues and paving the way for subsequent scholarship in the mutakallimūn tradition.
This study examines Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl min Burhâni’l-Usûl, a work on Islamic legal theory (uṣûl al-fiqh) authored by Imam Māzarī (d. 536/ 1141), one of the last great jurists of the Mālikī school in the Maghrib. Regarded as a key figure who ushered in a new phase in Mālikī legal theory, Māzarī composed this work as a commentary on al-Burhān, the seminal treatise of Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī (d. 478/ 1085), up to the section on consensus (ijmāʿ). The primary aim of this research is to introduce Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl and to determine its place within the discipline of usûl al-fiqh, with particular focus on the chapter dealing with general and specific expressions (umūm–khusūs). To this end, the study presents Māzarī’s views on ʿumūm–khusūs in comparison with those of Juwaynī in al-Burhān. It also seeks to assess the work’s position in the broader field of legal theory by identifying the thematic structure and methodological approach followed by Māzarī in this chapter, as well as the sources he utilized and the later works that drew upon his treatise. The findings of the study indicate that Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl contributed significantly to the systematization of the mutakallimūn method in legal theory. As a commentary on al-Burhān, one of the earliest texts composed according to the mutakallimūn approach, Māzarī’s work carries forward this methodological legacy. Furthermore, it has been established that one of Māzarī’s principal sources was Bāqillānī’s al-Taqrīb. Although Māzarī does not mention Bāqillānī by name, the study demonstrates that several of his views on ʿumūm–khusūs align closely with those found in al-Taqrīb. In this respect, Îzâhu’l-Mahsûl serves as an intellectual bridge between al-Burhān and al-Taqrīb, contributing to the more systematic treatment of key uṣûl issues and paving the way for subsequent scholarship in the mutakallimūn tradition.