Publication: Tuz Gölü ve tuzlalarının kimyasal analizleri, bakteri ve arke çeşitlilikleri
Abstract
Tuz Gölü (Türkiye) ekolojik olarak değerli bir hipersalin ekosistemdir. Tuz Gölü'nün özgün özelliklerini ortaya çıkarmak için Tuz Gölü, Derin Bölge ve Kayacık, Kaldırım ve Yavşan Tuzlalarından 30 adet tuzlu su örneği toplanarak prokaryotik topluluklar ve fizikokimyasal özellikler sırasıyla 16S rRNA amplikon dizileme tekniği ve standart yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. 16S rRNA genlerinden (Illumina Kimya) elde edilen verilere göre bu habitatlarda Archaea (okumaların %98.41’i), Bacteria (okumaların %1.38’i) göre daha baskın olarak bulunmuştur. Euryarchaeota şubesinin temsilcileri en baskın cinsler olarak tespit edilirken, okumaların sırasıyla %59.48’i ve %1.32’si 18 arke ve 19 bakteri cinsine atanmıştır. Euryarchaeota şubesine ait Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, Halorhabdus, Natronomonas, Halosimplex, Halomicrobium, Halorubrum, Halonotius, Halolamina ve Halobacterium arkeal cinsleri ve Rhodothermaeota şubesine ait Salinibacter bakteriyel cinsi örneklerde %1’in üzerinde dizi ile temsil edilmiştir. Haloquadratum ve Halorhabdus cinsleri tüm örneklerde bulunmuştur. Haloquadratum, Haloarcula ve Halorhabdus cinsleri en bol bulunan cinslerken, iki adet kültüre edilmemiş Tuz Gölü Halobacteria (TGH-1 ve TGH-2) taksonları yüksek miktarda saptanmıştır ve kültüre edilmemiş Tuz Gölü Halobacteria (TGH-3) taksonu daha az miktarda bulunmuştur. Haloqudratum, Halorhabdus cinsleri ve kültüre edilmemiş Halobacteria TGH-2 taksonu birbirleriyle pozitif korelasyonlar gösterirken, Haloarcula, Halobacterium, Halolamina, Halomicrobium, Halonotius, Halorubrum, Halosimplex, Natronomonas cinsleri ve kültüre edilmemiş Halobacteria TGH-1 taksonu ile negatif korelasyonlar göstermiştir. Halonotius cinsi ile kültüre edilmemiş Halobacteria TGH-1 taksonu, Halorubrum ile Natronomonas cinsleri, Halolamina ile Halobacterium cinsleri arasında güçlü pozitif korelasyonlar saptanırken, Haloquadratum ve Halorhabdus haricindeki diğer cinslerin birbirleriyle genellikle pozitif korelasyonlar gösterdikleri saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Tuz Gölü arkeal cins çeşitliliğinin daha baskın olduğu özgün bir talasohalin göldür.
Tuz Lake (Türkiye) is an ecologically valuable hypersaline ecosystem. To reveal Tuz Lake's unique characteristics, prokaryotic communities, and physico-chemical characteristics of 30 brine samples collected from the Tuz Lake, Deep Zone, and Kayacik, Kaldirim, and Yavsan salterns were respectively analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and standard methods. According to data obtained from 16S rRNA genes (Illumina chemistry), Archaea (98.41% of reads) was found to be more dominant than Bacteria (1.38% of reads) in these habitats. Representatives of the phylum Euryarchaeota were detected as the most dominant genera, with 59.48% and 1.32% of the reads assigned to 18 archaeal and 19 bacterial genera, respectively. Archaeal genera, belonging to Euryarchaeota, Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, Halorhabdus, Natronomonas, Halosimplex, Halomicrobium, Halorubrum, Halonotius, Halolamina, and Halobacterium and bacterial genus, belonging to Rhodothermaeota, Salinibacter were represented with more than 1% sequences in the samples. Genera Haloquadratum and Halorhabdus were found in all brine samples. While Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, and Halorhabdus were the most abundant genera, two uncultured Tuz Lake Halobacteria (TLH-1 and TLH-2) taxa were detected in high abundance, and an additional uncultured Tuz Lake Halobacteria (TLH-3) taxon was found as a minor abundant uncultured taxon. While genera Haloquadratum, Halorhabdus, and uncultured TLH-2 taxon showed positive correlations with each other, genera Haloarcula, Halobacterium, Halolamina, Halomicrobium, Halonotius, Halorubrum, Halosimplex, Natronomonas, and uncultured Halobacteria TLH-1 demonstrated negative correlations with each other. While strong positive correlations were found between the genus Halonotius and the uncultured taxon Halobacteria TLH-1, the genera Halorubrum and Natronomonas, and the genera Halolamina and Halobacterium, other genera except Haloquadratum and Halorhabdus generally showed positive correlations with each other. In conclusion, Tuz Lake is a unique thalassohaline lake with more archaeal genus diversity.
Tuz Lake (Türkiye) is an ecologically valuable hypersaline ecosystem. To reveal Tuz Lake's unique characteristics, prokaryotic communities, and physico-chemical characteristics of 30 brine samples collected from the Tuz Lake, Deep Zone, and Kayacik, Kaldirim, and Yavsan salterns were respectively analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and standard methods. According to data obtained from 16S rRNA genes (Illumina chemistry), Archaea (98.41% of reads) was found to be more dominant than Bacteria (1.38% of reads) in these habitats. Representatives of the phylum Euryarchaeota were detected as the most dominant genera, with 59.48% and 1.32% of the reads assigned to 18 archaeal and 19 bacterial genera, respectively. Archaeal genera, belonging to Euryarchaeota, Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, Halorhabdus, Natronomonas, Halosimplex, Halomicrobium, Halorubrum, Halonotius, Halolamina, and Halobacterium and bacterial genus, belonging to Rhodothermaeota, Salinibacter were represented with more than 1% sequences in the samples. Genera Haloquadratum and Halorhabdus were found in all brine samples. While Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, and Halorhabdus were the most abundant genera, two uncultured Tuz Lake Halobacteria (TLH-1 and TLH-2) taxa were detected in high abundance, and an additional uncultured Tuz Lake Halobacteria (TLH-3) taxon was found as a minor abundant uncultured taxon. While genera Haloquadratum, Halorhabdus, and uncultured TLH-2 taxon showed positive correlations with each other, genera Haloarcula, Halobacterium, Halolamina, Halomicrobium, Halonotius, Halorubrum, Halosimplex, Natronomonas, and uncultured Halobacteria TLH-1 demonstrated negative correlations with each other. While strong positive correlations were found between the genus Halonotius and the uncultured taxon Halobacteria TLH-1, the genera Halorubrum and Natronomonas, and the genera Halolamina and Halobacterium, other genera except Haloquadratum and Halorhabdus generally showed positive correlations with each other. In conclusion, Tuz Lake is a unique thalassohaline lake with more archaeal genus diversity.