Publication: Petra şehir tarihi
Abstract
Kaya Şehir, Kayıp şehir, Gül şehri gibi isimlerle anılan ve dünyanın yedi harikasından biri sayılan Petra, bugün Ürdün’ün güneyinde ve Ürdün Nehri’nin doğu kıyısında yer almaktadır. Doğal yapısı sayesinde korunaklı konuma sahip olan şehir, m.ö. 1000’li yılların ortalarından itibaren varlığını sürdürmüş ve ticaret yollarına hakimiyetiyle Akdeniz bölgesinin önemli güçlerinden olan Nabatî Krallığı'nın başkenti olmuştur. Akdeniz’e açılan ihracat ve ithalat trafiğinin merkezinde yer alan Petra, milattan önce II. yüzyılda başlayan gelişimini milattan sonra II. yüzyılda zirveye taşımıştır. Siyasî merkez olduğu kadar dinî bir merkez de olan Petra, 106 yılında Romalılar tarafından ilhak edilerek Provincia Arabia’nın/ Arabistan Eyaleti’nin iki önemli şehrinden biri haline gelmiştir. Kumtaşı kayalara oyulmuş eşsiz mezar yapıları, mabedleri, evleri ve tarımsal üretimi destekleyen su sistemleriyle dikkat çeken Petra, farklı kültürlerin ve dillerin bir araya geldiği kozmopolit bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu durum, şehrin sadece bir ticaret veya tarım merkezi olmadığını, aynı zamanda farklı kültürlerin ve dillerin buluşma noktası olduğunu göstermektedir.
Petra, known as The Rock City, The Lost City, The Rose City and considered one of the seven wonders of the world, is located in the south of Jordan and on the east bank of the Jordan River. The city, which has a sheltered position thanks to its natural structure, has existed since the mid-1000s BC and became the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom, one of the important powers of the Mediterranean region with its dominance over trade routes. Located at the center of the export and import traffic to the Mediterranean, Petra’s development started in the II century BC and reached its peak in the II century AD. Petra, which was a religious center as well as a political center, was annexed by the Romans in 106 and became one of the two important cities of Provincia Arabia / Arabia Province. Notable for its unique tombs carved in sandstone rocks, temples, houses and water systems supporting agricultural production, Petra has a cosmopolitan structure where different cultures and languages come together. This shows that the city was not only a center of trade or agriculture, but also a meeting point for different cultures and languages.
Petra, known as The Rock City, The Lost City, The Rose City and considered one of the seven wonders of the world, is located in the south of Jordan and on the east bank of the Jordan River. The city, which has a sheltered position thanks to its natural structure, has existed since the mid-1000s BC and became the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom, one of the important powers of the Mediterranean region with its dominance over trade routes. Located at the center of the export and import traffic to the Mediterranean, Petra’s development started in the II century BC and reached its peak in the II century AD. Petra, which was a religious center as well as a political center, was annexed by the Romans in 106 and became one of the two important cities of Provincia Arabia / Arabia Province. Notable for its unique tombs carved in sandstone rocks, temples, houses and water systems supporting agricultural production, Petra has a cosmopolitan structure where different cultures and languages come together. This shows that the city was not only a center of trade or agriculture, but also a meeting point for different cultures and languages.