Esnek çalışma ve endüstri ilişkilerine etkisi

Abstract

riz d”nemlerinde retim iliŸkilerinde ve kurumsal yap larda ”nemli de§iŸimler meydana gelmektedir. Kapitalizmin 1970'li y llarda patlak veren krizine ‡”z m aray Ÿlar t m d nyada neo-liberal politikalar n devreye girmesiyle ”rt Ÿm Ÿt r. Bu yeniden yap lanma-yeniden bi‡imlenme s reci sermaye birikiminin ”n ndeki engellerin kald r lmas nda kritik bir role sahiptir Bu s re‡te neo-liberalizmin kulland § temel enstr manlar serbestleŸme, ”zelleŸtirme, kurals zlaŸt rma ve esneklik olmuŸtur. Devletler sermaye hareketleri ve birikim s re‡leri ”n ndeki engelleyici norm ve kurallar kald r rken (dereg lasyon), bir ”nceki d”nemde kamu hizmeti olarak kabul edilen bir ‡ok alanda kamu faaliyetlerini geriye ‡ekmiŸtir. E§itim, sa§l k, sosyal g venlik gibi kamusal alanlar serbest piyasaya a‡ lm Ÿt r. T m toplumsal kurumlar alt st eden krizden emek piyasalar ve kurumlar da nasibini alm Ÿt r. Fordizm sonras end stri iliŸkileri paradigmas esneklik kavram zerinde y kselmiŸtir. Fordizm sonras emek s reci ”rg tlenmesi genel olarak Post-Fordizm ve/ veya Esnek šretim olarak adland r lmaktad r. Kapitalizmin yeniden yap lanma s recinde Esnek šretim ve Esnek ¤al Ÿma kavramlar yla beraber de§iŸen end stri iliŸkileri paradigmas ve bunun ”zellikle iŸ‡i s n f ve sendikal ”rg tlenme a‡ s ndan getirdi§i de§iŸimler ‡al Ÿman n odak noktas n oluŸturmuŸtur. Aslen bu ‡al Ÿman n amac n teŸkil eden tart Ÿma baŸl § ise, Haziran 2003 i‡inde Resmi Gazetede yay nlanarak y r rl l §e giren 4857 say l yeni ˜Ÿ Kanunu'nun yap lanmas na neden olan dinamikler ve esneklik d zenlemeleri a‡ s ndan yasan n kritik ”neme sahip maddelerinin yarataca§ sonu‡lar a‡ s ndan de§erlendirilmesidir. During the crisis periods important changes occur in production relations and in institutional structures. Efforts to solve the crisis of capitalism that begun in 1970, have coincided with the establishment of neo-liberal policies. This reconstruction and reshaping process has a critical role in removing the obstacles in front of capital saving. The basic instruments that neo-liberalism have used in this process have been liberalization, privatization, deregulation and flexibility. As the states decided to remove the obstructive norms and regulations against capital movements and capital accumulation processes, they withdrew the public activities regarded previously as public services in many areas. Public areas like education, health and social security have been opened to private enterprises. Labor markets and institutions have also been affected by the crisis which devastated all societal institutions. After Fordism, industrial relations paradigm has risen on the notion of flexibility. Labor process organisation after fordism is generally called post- fordism and/ or flexible production. Industrial relations paradigm, which changed with the notions of flexible production and flexible work in the reconstruction process of capitalism, and the changes brought along especially for the working class and trade union organisations have formed the focal point of this study. The subject of discussion, which forms the purpose of this study is the dynamics that caused the establishment of the new Work Code no 4857, that have been put into effect in June 2003, and the results of this code in the sense that its critical amendments will bring along flexibility reorganisations.