Publication: Endonezya’ da üniversite öğrenci hareketlerinin sosyolojik analizi (1998 yılı örneği)
Abstract
1998 yılında Endonezya öğrenci hareketi ilgi çekici bir olaydır. Böyledir, çünkü Suharto rejimi sırasında öğrencilerin apolitize edilmesi çalışmasının yürütüldüğünden dolayı umursamaz bir nesil olarak değerlendirilmiş olan öğrenciler, büyük bir gösteri sahhnelediler. Bu hareket Endonezya tarihindeki en büyük öğrenci hareketlerinden biri sayılabilir. Reform hareketi olarak adlandırılan hareket, 32 yıl boyunca elinde tuttuğu başkanlık konumunu devirmeyi başardı. Bu çalışmanın odak noktası sosyolojik açıdan, özellikle sosyal hareketlerin teori bakımından 1998 yılındaki Endonezya'da öğrenci hareketini açıklamaktır. Smelser teorisi modern teori tarafından eleştirilmiş olsa da, Endonezya'da öğrenci hareketini kronolojik olarak açıklamakta kullanılabilmektedir. 1998'de Endonezya öğrenci hareketleri üzerinde çalışmak daha önceki öğrenci hareketlerinden ayrılamaz. Bu nedenle karşılaştırma amaçlı olarak bağımsızlık döneminden sonraki, yani 1966,1974 ve 1978 öğrenci hareketleri ortaya koyulmaktadır. 1998 Endonezya'da öğrenci hareketleri sırasında ortada ekonomik ve politik sıkıntı görülmektedir. Başka deyişle, bu olayları ülkenin sosyal ekonomik ve politik bir çöküşün yansımasıdır. Burada Smelser'in klasik teorisinin uygun olduğunu görülmektedir. 1998'de öğrenci hareketleri halk tarafından tamamen desteklendi. Bu destek hareketlerin tüm Endonezya halkının arzuları için mücadele etmesi sayesinde oluşmuştur. Bu halkın destek vermesi sebebiyle öğrenci hareketlerinin başarılı olduğu bulunmaktadır.
The Indonesian student movement in 1998 is an interesting phenomenon. It is so because the students who had been recognized as the apathic generation thanks to the depolitization policy implemented during Suharto's regime, had performed a great action. This is later considered as one of the greatest student movement throughout the Indonesian history. The movement which is called the reform movement has succesfully overthrown Suharto from his post that he has held for 32 years. The focus of this study is to explain the student movement in Indonesia that happens in 1998 by using sociological perspective, especially the theory of social movement. Smelser's theory, despite being criticized in some ways by modern sociology theory, can be used in this study since it can explain chronologically about the movement. In studying the student movement in Indonesia in 1998, it can not be separated from the previous student movements. Therefore, for comparison, the Indonesian student movements after the independence era, namely the student movements in 1966, 1974 and 1978 are also presented. During the student movement in Indonesia in 1998, political and economic problems existed and were seen. In other words, this movement is the reflection of the collapse of the economic and political condition. This conforms with Smelser's classical theory. The student movement in 1998 receives full support from the people. The support was given since the movement struggled for the sake of the entire people. It is due to the support of the people that this movement was in the end successful.
The Indonesian student movement in 1998 is an interesting phenomenon. It is so because the students who had been recognized as the apathic generation thanks to the depolitization policy implemented during Suharto's regime, had performed a great action. This is later considered as one of the greatest student movement throughout the Indonesian history. The movement which is called the reform movement has succesfully overthrown Suharto from his post that he has held for 32 years. The focus of this study is to explain the student movement in Indonesia that happens in 1998 by using sociological perspective, especially the theory of social movement. Smelser's theory, despite being criticized in some ways by modern sociology theory, can be used in this study since it can explain chronologically about the movement. In studying the student movement in Indonesia in 1998, it can not be separated from the previous student movements. Therefore, for comparison, the Indonesian student movements after the independence era, namely the student movements in 1966, 1974 and 1978 are also presented. During the student movement in Indonesia in 1998, political and economic problems existed and were seen. In other words, this movement is the reflection of the collapse of the economic and political condition. This conforms with Smelser's classical theory. The student movement in 1998 receives full support from the people. The support was given since the movement struggled for the sake of the entire people. It is due to the support of the people that this movement was in the end successful.