Publication: Kapalı çevrim rüzgar tüneli tasarımı ve kontrolü
Abstract
Endüstride, seri üretim ön planda olduğu için birim zamandaki üretim sayısı çok önemlidir. Üretim sayısı her ne kadar önemli olsa da ürünlerin kalitesi de yüksek olmalıdır. Bu yüzden ürünlerin, üretilmeden önce deneysel çalışmalarla nasıl bir performans göstereceği izlenir. İzleme sonucu elde edilen verilerle yapılan ar-ge çalışmalarıyla ürün üzerinde gerekli değişimler yapılarak, ürün üretilmeden önce deneysel çalışmalarla mevcut problemler giderilir.Deneysel çalışmalarda rüzgar tünelleri test amaçlı kullanılır. Rüzgar tünelleri endüstride uçak, savunma ve otomotiv sanayisi gibi alanlarda kullanılırken; yüksek aerodinamik, yüzey basınç ölçümü, akım, ısı, ışık, duman görüntüleme vb. çalışmaların yapılmasıyla kaliteli, ürünler ortaya çıkmaktadır.Havada hareket eden ya da bir hava akımının etkisinde kalan her türlü araç ve yapıların üzerine, aerodinamik kuvvet ve momentler etki eder. Araç ve yapılara etki eden akımların etkisinin incelenmesinde ve yapısının belirlenmesinde rüzgar tünelleri kullanılır. İlk rüzgar tünellerinin yapılışı 19. yüzyılda gerçekleşmiştir. Bu tünellerde mekanik yapı olarak kare alana sahip yapı tercih edilirken, hava akışı sağlamak için pervane kullanılmıştır.Rüzgar tünelinde fan yardımıyla istenilen debide hava akımı oluşturuldu ve PID kontrol metoduyla sıcaklık kontrolü yapıldı. Tünel içerisinde ki istenen sıcaklık, belirlenen sıcaklık artış rampasıyla, hedef sıcaklığa ulaşıldı. Tüneldeki kontrolde programlanabilir lojik kontrolör ve dokunmatik ekranlı yapısıyla, sıcaklık ve hava hızı değerleri kayıt edilerek, test edilen ürünün davranışı izlendi. Sıcaklık artışında kullanılan sıcaklık kontrol cihazının kendi kontrol otomatik ayar özelliği; PID, Nichols-Ziegler metoduyla birlikte bulanık mantık sonuçları karşılaştırıldı.
Since mass production is at the forefront in the industry, the number of production per unit time is very important. Although the number of production is important, the quality of the products must also be high. Therefore, the performance of the products is monitored with experimental studies before they are produced. The necessary changes are made on the product with the R & D studies made with the data obtained as a result of the monitoring, and the existing problems are eliminated with experimental studies before the product is produced.Wind tunnels are used for testing purposes in experimental studies. While wind tunnels are used in areas such as aircraft, defense and automotive industry; high aerodynamics, surface pressure measurement, flow, heat, light, smoke imaging, etc. With the work done, quality products come out.Aerodynamic forces and moments act on all kinds of vehicles and structures that move in the air or are affected by an air stream. Wind tunnels are used to examine the effect of currents affecting vehicles and structures and to determine their structure. The first wind tunnels were built in the 19th century. In these tunnels, the structure with a square area is preferred as a mechanical structure, while a propeller is used to provide air flow.In the wind tunnel, air flow at the desired flow was created with the help of a fan, and temperature control was performed with the PID control method. The desired temperature in the tunnel was reached with the determined temperature increase ramp. In the control in the tunnel, the behavior of the tested product was monitored by recording the temperature and air velocity values with the programmable logic controller and touch screen structure. Self-control automatic adjustment feature of the temperature control device used in temperature increase; Fuzzy logic results were compared with the PID, Nichols-Ziegler method.
Since mass production is at the forefront in the industry, the number of production per unit time is very important. Although the number of production is important, the quality of the products must also be high. Therefore, the performance of the products is monitored with experimental studies before they are produced. The necessary changes are made on the product with the R & D studies made with the data obtained as a result of the monitoring, and the existing problems are eliminated with experimental studies before the product is produced.Wind tunnels are used for testing purposes in experimental studies. While wind tunnels are used in areas such as aircraft, defense and automotive industry; high aerodynamics, surface pressure measurement, flow, heat, light, smoke imaging, etc. With the work done, quality products come out.Aerodynamic forces and moments act on all kinds of vehicles and structures that move in the air or are affected by an air stream. Wind tunnels are used to examine the effect of currents affecting vehicles and structures and to determine their structure. The first wind tunnels were built in the 19th century. In these tunnels, the structure with a square area is preferred as a mechanical structure, while a propeller is used to provide air flow.In the wind tunnel, air flow at the desired flow was created with the help of a fan, and temperature control was performed with the PID control method. The desired temperature in the tunnel was reached with the determined temperature increase ramp. In the control in the tunnel, the behavior of the tested product was monitored by recording the temperature and air velocity values with the programmable logic controller and touch screen structure. Self-control automatic adjustment feature of the temperature control device used in temperature increase; Fuzzy logic results were compared with the PID, Nichols-Ziegler method.