Publication: Son dönem Osmanlı aydınlarının materyalizme dair eleştirileri
Abstract
TEZ ÖZETİ MADDE TANRI DEĞİLDİR Materyalizm kainatta sadece maddenin olduğunu düşünen ve her şeyin madde tarafından meydana geldiğine inanılan bir sistemdir. Allah'ı tanımayan onun yerine maddeyi tanrı edinen bir düşünce sistemidir. Kainatta madde sonsuz değildir. Ezelden beri de var olmamıştır . 19.Yüzyılda Alman Filozof Ludwig Buchner semadaki boşlukları madde ile doldurmuştur. Madde ise alemin değişmez kanunları çerçevesinde hareket eder. Ancak alemin kanunlarının keşfi ilmin sayesinde olur. Bu kanunları bir zâti vücuda bağlamak gerekir. Aksi takdirde bu kanunların hiç bir anlamı kalmaz. Buchner'in boşluk dediği şey Allah inancı ile doldurulmazsa bütün düşünce alanlarını karanlıklar kaplar. Maddeciler hissiz ve cansız bir varlığa yaratma gücü vermektedirler. Ayrıca onun meydana getirdiği kuvvetleri de maddi saymışlardır. Halbuki bu kuvvetler de sonsuz değildir. Hem madde hem de onun kuvvetleri mahvolmaya mahkumdurlar. Maddeciler her şeyi madde ile açıkladıklarından dolayı ruhu da maddi saymışlar ve beynin bir faaliyeti olarak görmüşlerdir. Ruh kavramını açıklayamayan maddeciler beynin yapısını açıklayarak ona anlam yüklemişlerdir. Eğer düşünme beynin bir fonksiyonu olsaydı, değişme ile birlikte onlarda yok olurdu. Bir insan on beş yaşında yaşadıklarını yetmiş yaşında da hatırlar. Düşüncelerinde hiçbir şekilde bozulma olmaz. Ama beden ve beyin sürekli bir mahva doğru gitmektedir. Materyalistler bunu açıklayamaz. Maddeci ve Osmanlı alimleri arasında maddi oluşum açısından bir problem yoktur. Problem maddeye kuvvet verendedir. Maddeciler buna çekim kuvveti derken ulema kuvveti yaratan tek varlık Allah'tır. diyerek konuya yaklaşmışlardır. Alemi ve onun etrafındaki düzenleri akla ve hisse sahip olmayan maddeye mal etmek akla aykırıdır. Ya da bütün bunları Darwin ve Lamarc gibi tesadüf ve tekamülle anlatmaya çalışmak yanlıştır. Çünkü alemi ve içindekileri tek yaratan Allah'tır.
SUMMARY OF THESİS Material is not God Materialism is a system that thinks there is only material in the universe and believes everything is constracted by material .In other words it is a system that doesn't believe in God and makes material a kind of God in stead of him. İn the universe material is not infinitive .And it didn't exist since eternity in 19. century German phylosoph Ludwig Buchner filled the space in the sky with material. And it moves according to the laws of the universe can be achieved only with science .Those laws must be related to a precise being. Otherwise they may not have any meaning. If, what Buchner calls space, is not filled with belief in God, all the systems of ideas sway in to darkness. The materialist give the power to create , to a being which is senseless and spiritless. They count the forces which construct it material. In fact those forces aren't infinitive, either. Because materialist explain everything with material. They consider spirit as material and an activity of brain. The materialist who can't explain the concept of spirit, try to explain the structure of brain and give meaning to it. If thinking was a function of brain, it must have been destroyed with change . A human remembers the memories of his 15 year old life , when he is seventy ,too. There can be no spoiling in his thoughts. But the body and the brain goes in to destruction. The materialist can not explain this. There is no problem between the materialists and Ottoman scientist in terms of materialist formation. The problem is in who gives the power to the material . While materials call this attraction force the Ottoman scientist say that creates forces is God . It is in congruous to wisdom to count material as the reason for universe and the systems around it. Or it is absolutely wrong to explain those with coincidens and evoluation. Because the one who creates the universe and what is inside is God.
SUMMARY OF THESİS Material is not God Materialism is a system that thinks there is only material in the universe and believes everything is constracted by material .In other words it is a system that doesn't believe in God and makes material a kind of God in stead of him. İn the universe material is not infinitive .And it didn't exist since eternity in 19. century German phylosoph Ludwig Buchner filled the space in the sky with material. And it moves according to the laws of the universe can be achieved only with science .Those laws must be related to a precise being. Otherwise they may not have any meaning. If, what Buchner calls space, is not filled with belief in God, all the systems of ideas sway in to darkness. The materialist give the power to create , to a being which is senseless and spiritless. They count the forces which construct it material. In fact those forces aren't infinitive, either. Because materialist explain everything with material. They consider spirit as material and an activity of brain. The materialist who can't explain the concept of spirit, try to explain the structure of brain and give meaning to it. If thinking was a function of brain, it must have been destroyed with change . A human remembers the memories of his 15 year old life , when he is seventy ,too. There can be no spoiling in his thoughts. But the body and the brain goes in to destruction. The materialist can not explain this. There is no problem between the materialists and Ottoman scientist in terms of materialist formation. The problem is in who gives the power to the material . While materials call this attraction force the Ottoman scientist say that creates forces is God . It is in congruous to wisdom to count material as the reason for universe and the systems around it. Or it is absolutely wrong to explain those with coincidens and evoluation. Because the one who creates the universe and what is inside is God.