Publication: Melliotus officinalis (L.) desr. bitkisi üzerinde farmakognozik araştırmalar
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. (Leguminosae) bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımları Farmakognozik açıdan incelendi. Materyal 19 Temmuz 2000 tarihinde Bolu- Kartalkaya çevresinden toplandı (MARE 6370). Kurutulup toz edilen materyal üzerinde, fitokimyasal ön denemeler ve miktar tayinleri yapıldı. Yapılan ön denemeler sonucunda bitkinin toprak üstü kısmının araştırılmasına karar verildi. Kurutulup küçük parçalara ayrılan bitkinin toprak üstü kısımları etanol ile oda sıcaklığında iki gün maserasyona bırakıldı.Elde edilen ekstre yoğunlaştırıldı, kuruluğa kadar uçuruldu. Silikajel ile hazırlanmış sütuna ekstre yerleştirildikten sonra temizlemek amacıyla, sütundan petrol eteri geçirilmeye başlandı. Daha sonra elüsyona artan oranlarda kloroform, etilasetat ve etanol ile devam edildi. Alınan fraksiyonlar yoğunlaştırıldıktan sonra ince tabaka kromatografisi ile kontrol edildi ve benzer olanlar birleştirildi. Fraksiyonları saflaştırmak amacıyla preparatif ince tabaka kromatografisi kullanıldı. Elde edilen bileşiklerin yapısı ultraviyole (UV), infrared (IR), nükleer manyetik rezonans (1H-NMR) spektrumları ve şahit maddelerle yapılan kromatografik karşılaştırmalar ile saptandı. Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) metoduyla, ana ekstrenin biyolojik aktivite tayini yapıldı. Ana ekstrenin şahit umbelliferona karşı inaktif olduğu saptandı. Yapılan antimikrobiyal aktivite çalışmalarında M. officinalis bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımlarının mayalar ve bakterilere karşı etkili olmadığı saptandı. Sonuç olarak tüm etken maddeleri yönünden araştırılan M.officinalis bitkisinden kumarin tipinde piranokumarin 5-angelat, 3,4-dihidro-3-hidroksi kumarin; flavonoidal yapıda kemferol 3-O glikozit, kemferol 3-7-O-diglikozit ve steroidal yapıda ß-sitosterol maddeleri izole edilmiştir. PHARMACOGNOSIC RESEARCHES ON MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS (L.) DESR.
In this study, the aerial parts of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr., which was collected from Kartalkaya, Bolu on 19th, July, 2000 have been investigated both botanically and chemically. The plant was identified by Prof. Dr. Ertan Tuzlacı and a voucher specimen is kept in the M.U. Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium (MARE: 6370). The material was macerated with ethanol for two days. The macerate was evaporated to dryness and it was applied to the column prepared with silica gel and the column was first eluted with petroleum ether. The elution was continued with chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol in increasing amounts. The fractions obtained from the column were concentrated and examined with thin layer and paper chromatographies and the similar ones were combined. The structure of the active compounds are evaluated with the help of ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopies and also by the comparisons with standard substances. In conclusion, pyrano coumarin 5-angelat, 3,4 dihydro-3-hydroxyl coumarin were found as coumarin type compounds; kaempferol 3-O-glycoside, kaempferol 3,7-O- diglycoside were found as flavonoidal compounds and ß-sitosterol was found as a steroidal substance in Melilotus officinalis. The Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) method was applied to the extract, which was found to be inactive. In further studies on the extract concerning antimicrobial activities, it is found that the extract was inactive against investigated bacteria and yeasts.
In this study, the aerial parts of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr., which was collected from Kartalkaya, Bolu on 19th, July, 2000 have been investigated both botanically and chemically. The plant was identified by Prof. Dr. Ertan Tuzlacı and a voucher specimen is kept in the M.U. Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium (MARE: 6370). The material was macerated with ethanol for two days. The macerate was evaporated to dryness and it was applied to the column prepared with silica gel and the column was first eluted with petroleum ether. The elution was continued with chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol in increasing amounts. The fractions obtained from the column were concentrated and examined with thin layer and paper chromatographies and the similar ones were combined. The structure of the active compounds are evaluated with the help of ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopies and also by the comparisons with standard substances. In conclusion, pyrano coumarin 5-angelat, 3,4 dihydro-3-hydroxyl coumarin were found as coumarin type compounds; kaempferol 3-O-glycoside, kaempferol 3,7-O- diglycoside were found as flavonoidal compounds and ß-sitosterol was found as a steroidal substance in Melilotus officinalis. The Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) method was applied to the extract, which was found to be inactive. In further studies on the extract concerning antimicrobial activities, it is found that the extract was inactive against investigated bacteria and yeasts.