Publication: İfa Güçsüzlüğüne Genel Bakış ve Onun Kira Sözleşmesindeki Görünümü
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Karşılıklı borç yükleyen sözleşmelerde taraflardan birinin ifa güçsüzlüğüne düşmesi sebebiyle borcunu muacceliyet tarihinde ifa edememesi TBK m.98 hükmünde düzenlenmektedir. Bu hükümde, iflas etme ve haciz işlemlerinin sonuçsuz kalması ifa güçsüzlüğü hallerine örnek olarak verilmektedir. Dolayısıyla, taraflardan birinin muaccel borçlarını ifa etmek için yeterli para veya ekonomik araçlardan yoksun olması ifa güçsüzlüğü olarak nitelendirilmektedir. İfa güçsüzlüğü öncelenmiş borca aykırılık hallerinden bir tanesidir. İfa güçsüzlüğünün TBK’da bazı sözleşme tiplerinde özel olarak düzenlendiği görülmektedir. Bu sözleşmeler; kira, tüketim ödüncü (karz), hizmet, yayım ve bağışlama sözleşmeleridir. Çalışma konumuz olan TBK m.332’de kiracının iflası düzenlenmektedir. Bu hükümde, kiracının kiralananın tesliminden sonra iflas etmesi halinde, kiraya verenin işleyecek kira bedelleri için kiracı veya iflas masasından güvence verilmesini talep edebileceği düzenlenmektedir. Kiraya veren kendisine uygun süre içinde güvence verilmezse, herhangi bir fesih bildirim süresine uymaksızın sözleşmeyi derhal feshedebilir.
Failure of performance on acceleration date due to weakness is regulated under Turkish Code of Obligations (TCO) Art.98. In this provision, the circumstances namely, insolvency and seizure are given as an example of weakness of performance. Therefore, the lack of sufficient money or economic means for one of the parties to fulfill his due debts is described as the weakness of performance. Performance weakness is one of the cases of an anticipatory breach. It is observed that performance weakness is privately regulated in some agreement types in TBK. These agreements are; lease, loan, employment, publishing and donation agreements. Insolvency of the tenant is regulated in Art. 332 of the TCO. In this provision, if the tenant goes insolvent after the lease is delivered, it is regulated that the lessor may request assurance from the tenant or bankrupt’s estate for the rental fees to be processed. If the lessor is not assured within the appropriate time period, the lessor may terminate the contract immediately without complying any termination notice.
Failure of performance on acceleration date due to weakness is regulated under Turkish Code of Obligations (TCO) Art.98. In this provision, the circumstances namely, insolvency and seizure are given as an example of weakness of performance. Therefore, the lack of sufficient money or economic means for one of the parties to fulfill his due debts is described as the weakness of performance. Performance weakness is one of the cases of an anticipatory breach. It is observed that performance weakness is privately regulated in some agreement types in TBK. These agreements are; lease, loan, employment, publishing and donation agreements. Insolvency of the tenant is regulated in Art. 332 of the TCO. In this provision, if the tenant goes insolvent after the lease is delivered, it is regulated that the lessor may request assurance from the tenant or bankrupt’s estate for the rental fees to be processed. If the lessor is not assured within the appropriate time period, the lessor may terminate the contract immediately without complying any termination notice.