Publication: Sağlık profesyonellerinin tele-tıp uygulamalarının kullanımına yönelik teknoloji kabul ve inovasyon bakış açılarının değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma sağlık profesyonellerinin Tele-Tıp kabulünü ve inovasyon bakış açılarını anlamak ve bunları etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tez çalışması İstanbul Kuzey Kamu Hastaneler Başkanlığı'na bağlı 14 kamu hastanesinde kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte, karma desen kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Nicel ve nitel boyutlar bir arada ele alınmış ve farklı meslek gruplarından sağlık profesyonellerinin Tele-Tıp'a yönelik davranışsal niyetleri ve kullanım davranışları incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın nicel boyutunda açıklayıcı faktör analizi, hiyeraşik regresyon ve yapısal eşitlik modeli analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel boyutunda ise tematik analiz yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmamızda hekim popülasyonunda yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, ‘‘Performans Beklentisi’’ (β=0.333, p=0.000), ‘‘Çaba Beklentisi’’ (β=-0.141, p=0.013), ‘‘Sosyal Etki’’ (β=0.115, p=0.022), ‘‘Kolaylaştırıcı Koşullar’’ (β=0.407, p=0.000) ve ‘‘İnovasyon Algısı’’ (β=0.176, p=0.001) Tele-Tıp kullanımına yönelik ‘‘Davranışsal Niyeti’’ tahmin etmektedir. Diş hekimleri grubunda yapılan Path analizi sonuçlarına göre ‘‘Davranışsal Niyetin’’ ‘‘Tele-Tıp Kullanım Davranışı’’ üzerindeki doğrudan etkisi (p<0,001, β=0.53) anlamlı bulunmuştur. Diş hekimlerinde ‘‘Cinsiyet’’ kontrolünde ‘‘Performans Beklentisinin’’ ‘‘Davranışsal Niyet’’ üzerindeki etkisi (p<0.05, β=2.06) de istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Fizyoterapist grubunda yapılan Path analizi sonuçlarına göre “Davranışsal Niyetin” ‘‘Tele-Tıp Kullanım Davranışı’’ üzerindeki etkisi doğrudan etkisi (β=0.53, p<0,001), ‘‘Sosyal Etkinin’’ ‘‘Davranışsal Niyet’’ üzerindeki doğrudan etkisi (β=0.496) p<0,001) ve ‘‘Sosyal Etkinin’’ ‘‘Davranışsal Niyet’’ yoluyla ‘‘Tele-Tıp Kullanım Davranışı’’ üzerindeki dolaylı etkisi (β=0.264, p<0.005) anlamlı bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerde ise ‘‘Davranışsal Niyetin’’ ‘‘Tele-Tıp Kullanım Davranışı’’ üzerindeki etkisi (p<0.05, β=0.43) ve ‘‘Kolaylaştırıcı Koşulların’’ ‘‘Davranışsal Niyet’’ üzerindeki etkisi (p<0.05, β=2.12), ‘‘Kolaylaştırıcı Koşulların’’ ‘‘Davranışsal Niyet’’ üzerinden ‘‘Tele-Tıp Kullanım Davranışı’’ üzerindeki dolaylı etkisi (p<0.05, β=0.92) anlamlı olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızın nitel boyutunda yapılan tematik analiz sonucunda 4 tema bu temalara ait 7 kategori ve 14 kod belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Sağlık profesyonellerinin Tele-Tıp teknolojilerini benimsemeleri, ‘‘Performans Beklentisi’’, ‘‘Çaba Beklentisi’’, ‘‘Sosyal Etki’’, ‘‘Kolaylaştırıcı Koşullar’’ ve ‘‘İnovasyon Algısı’’ gibi çeşitli faktörlerle ilişkilidir.
Objective: This study aims to understand the acceptance of telemedicine among healthcare professionals and their perspectives on innovation, as well as to identify the factors influencing these aspects. Materials and Methods: This thesis was conducted using a mixed-methods approach in 14 public hospitals under the Istanbul Northern Public Hospitals Administration. Both quantitative and qualitative dimensions were addressed, examining the behavioral intentions and usage behaviors of healthcare professionals from different occupational groups toward telemedicine. In the quantitative dimension, explanatory factor analysis, hierarchical regression, and structural equation modeling were applied. In the qualitative dimension, thematic analysis was conducted. Results: According to the hierarchical regression analysis conducted among physicians, Performance Expectancy (β=0.333, p=0.000), Effort Expectancy (β=-0.141, p=0.013), Social Influence (β=0.115, p=0.022), Facilitating Conditions (β=0.407, p=0.000), and Perception of Innovation (β=0.176, p=0.001) predict Behavioral Intention toward telemedicine usage. In the path analysis conducted among dentists, the direct effect of Behavioral Intention on Telemedicine Usage Behavior was significant (p<0.001, β=0.53). Among dentists, the effect of Performance Expectancy on Behavioral Intention, controlled for Gender, was also statistically significant (p<0.05, β=2.06). For the physiotherapist group, the direct effect of Social Influence on Behavioral Intention (β=0.496, p<0.001), and the indirect effect of Social Influence on Telemedicine Usage Behavior through Behavioral Intention (β=0.264, p<0.005) were found to be significant. Among nurses, the effect of Behavioral Intention on Telemedicine Usage Behavior (p<0.05, β=0.43), the effect of Facilitating Conditions on Behavioral Intention (p<0.05, β=2.12), and the indirect effect of Facilitating Conditions on Telemedicine Usage Behavior through Behavioral Intention (p<0.05, β=0.92) were statistically significant. In the qualitative part of the study, thematic analysis revealed 4 themes, 7 categories, and 14 codes. Conclusion: The adoption of telemedicine technologies by healthcare professionals is associated with various factors such as Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, and Perception of Innovation.
Objective: This study aims to understand the acceptance of telemedicine among healthcare professionals and their perspectives on innovation, as well as to identify the factors influencing these aspects. Materials and Methods: This thesis was conducted using a mixed-methods approach in 14 public hospitals under the Istanbul Northern Public Hospitals Administration. Both quantitative and qualitative dimensions were addressed, examining the behavioral intentions and usage behaviors of healthcare professionals from different occupational groups toward telemedicine. In the quantitative dimension, explanatory factor analysis, hierarchical regression, and structural equation modeling were applied. In the qualitative dimension, thematic analysis was conducted. Results: According to the hierarchical regression analysis conducted among physicians, Performance Expectancy (β=0.333, p=0.000), Effort Expectancy (β=-0.141, p=0.013), Social Influence (β=0.115, p=0.022), Facilitating Conditions (β=0.407, p=0.000), and Perception of Innovation (β=0.176, p=0.001) predict Behavioral Intention toward telemedicine usage. In the path analysis conducted among dentists, the direct effect of Behavioral Intention on Telemedicine Usage Behavior was significant (p<0.001, β=0.53). Among dentists, the effect of Performance Expectancy on Behavioral Intention, controlled for Gender, was also statistically significant (p<0.05, β=2.06). For the physiotherapist group, the direct effect of Social Influence on Behavioral Intention (β=0.496, p<0.001), and the indirect effect of Social Influence on Telemedicine Usage Behavior through Behavioral Intention (β=0.264, p<0.005) were found to be significant. Among nurses, the effect of Behavioral Intention on Telemedicine Usage Behavior (p<0.05, β=0.43), the effect of Facilitating Conditions on Behavioral Intention (p<0.05, β=2.12), and the indirect effect of Facilitating Conditions on Telemedicine Usage Behavior through Behavioral Intention (p<0.05, β=0.92) were statistically significant. In the qualitative part of the study, thematic analysis revealed 4 themes, 7 categories, and 14 codes. Conclusion: The adoption of telemedicine technologies by healthcare professionals is associated with various factors such as Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, and Perception of Innovation.