Publication: Osmanlı belgelerinde 1893 Şikago Sergisi
Abstract
Sanayi Devrimi’nden sonra devletlerin içine girdiği rekabet ortamı, yeni pazarlar bulmak ve ham madde ihtiyacını karşılamaya yönelikti. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ortaya çıkan ve sanayi sergileri olarak da adlandırılan uluslararası sergiler, ülkelerin birbirleri ile rekabet içine girdikleri mekânlardan zaman içerisinde kültürel faaliyetlerin yoğun olarak yer aldığı mekânlara dönüşmüştür. Bu dönüşüm en iyi şekilde 19. yüzyıl sonlarında düzenlenen, yüzyılın en büyük sergisi olma özelliğini taşıyan ve resmi adı “1893 World’s Columbian Exposition Chicago” olan 1893 Şikago Sergisi’nde kendini göstermiştir. Bu tezin amacı, Osmanlı Devleti’nin 1893 yılında düzenlenen Şikago Sergisi’ne iştirakını doğrudan doğruya Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri ile incelemektir. Bu kapsamda 800’ün üzerinde arşiv belgesi taranmış ve 400’ün üzerinde arşiv belgesi kullanılarak çalışma hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada, 1893 Şikago Sergisi’nin tüm yönleri, arka planda kalan kısımları arşiv belgeleri ile ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Sergide, Jackson Park’ta yer alan Osmanlı pavyonu ve ofis, Midway Plaisance’de yer alan Türk Köyü ile Osmanlı Devleti temsil edilmiştir. Temsilin tüm yönleri; sergiye hazırlanış, komisyon tayini, komiser seçimi, çıkarılan talimatnameler, yapılan antlaşmalar, katılımcılar, eşyaların toplanması, sergi açılışı, eşyaların sergilenmesi, İstanbul’a gönderilen raporlar, Osmanlı pavyonu ve ofisi, Türk Köyü’nde bulunan cami, hipodrom, tiyatro, çarşı, “Osmanlı At Meydanı” adı verilen gösteri alanı, Kasrı Dımışk ile sergi sonrası yaşanılan olaylar ve kazanılan madalyalar arşiv belgeleri öncülüğünde ele alınarak incelenmiştir. 1 Mayıs 1893’te açılan ve altı ay açık kalan sergi müddetince Osmanlı Devleti cülûs töreni, Türk Köyü açılışı, Osmanlı pavyonu ve ofisin açılışı gibi davetler düzenlemiştir. Tüm bu etkinlikler arşiv belgeleri ve dönemin gazeteleri ile birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti 1893 Şikago Sergisi’nde tebâsında ve kültüründe barındırdığı birçok unsur ile birlikte başarılı bir sunum gerçekleştirmiştir.
Following the industrial revolution, states entered into a serious competition in order to find new markets and meet their raw material needs. International exhibitions also known as industrial exhibitions, came in sight in line with this goal and over time they have turned into venues where cultural activities take place intensely from the venues where countries compete with each other. This transformation manifested itself most clearly in the 1893 Chicago Exhibition officially called “1893 World's Columbian Exposition Chicago”, which was held at the end of the 19th century and was the largest exhibition of the century. The aim of this thesis is to examine the Ottoman State's participation in the Chicago Exhibition held in 1893 directly with Ottoman archive documents. In this context, over 800 archival documents were scanned and this study was constituted using over 400 of them. In the study, along with the parts that remained in the back ground, all aspects of the 1893 Chicago Exhibition were revealed in line with the archival documents. In the exhibition, the Ottoman State was represented by the Ottoman pavilion and the office which were established in Jackson Park, and the Turkish village which was located in Midway Plaisance. All aspects of the expo; preparation for the exhibition, the appointment of the commission, the selection of the commissary, the ordinances issued, the agreements made, the participants, the collection of the goods, the opening of the exhibition, the display of the goods, the reports sent to Istanbul, the Ottoman pavilion and the office, the mosque in the Turkish Village, the hippodrome, the theater, the bazaar, the show area called “Osmanlı At Meydanı”, Kasrı Dımışk, the events took place after the exhibition and the medals won were examined in accordance with the archival resources. During the exhibition, which made its debut on May 1, 1893 and remained open for six months, the Ottoman State organised events such as the culus ceremony, the opening of the Turkish village, the opening of Ottoman pavilion and the office. All these activities have been evaluated by considering the archival recources and the newspapers of the period. The Ottoman State managed a successful presentation at the 1893 Chicago Exhibition by displaying many elements of its subjects and culture.
Following the industrial revolution, states entered into a serious competition in order to find new markets and meet their raw material needs. International exhibitions also known as industrial exhibitions, came in sight in line with this goal and over time they have turned into venues where cultural activities take place intensely from the venues where countries compete with each other. This transformation manifested itself most clearly in the 1893 Chicago Exhibition officially called “1893 World's Columbian Exposition Chicago”, which was held at the end of the 19th century and was the largest exhibition of the century. The aim of this thesis is to examine the Ottoman State's participation in the Chicago Exhibition held in 1893 directly with Ottoman archive documents. In this context, over 800 archival documents were scanned and this study was constituted using over 400 of them. In the study, along with the parts that remained in the back ground, all aspects of the 1893 Chicago Exhibition were revealed in line with the archival documents. In the exhibition, the Ottoman State was represented by the Ottoman pavilion and the office which were established in Jackson Park, and the Turkish village which was located in Midway Plaisance. All aspects of the expo; preparation for the exhibition, the appointment of the commission, the selection of the commissary, the ordinances issued, the agreements made, the participants, the collection of the goods, the opening of the exhibition, the display of the goods, the reports sent to Istanbul, the Ottoman pavilion and the office, the mosque in the Turkish Village, the hippodrome, the theater, the bazaar, the show area called “Osmanlı At Meydanı”, Kasrı Dımışk, the events took place after the exhibition and the medals won were examined in accordance with the archival resources. During the exhibition, which made its debut on May 1, 1893 and remained open for six months, the Ottoman State organised events such as the culus ceremony, the opening of the Turkish village, the opening of Ottoman pavilion and the office. All these activities have been evaluated by considering the archival recources and the newspapers of the period. The Ottoman State managed a successful presentation at the 1893 Chicago Exhibition by displaying many elements of its subjects and culture.