Publication: Kur‟an‟a göre kutsal ve kutsallık
Abstract
KUR'AN'A GÖRE KUTSAL VE KUTSALLIK Kutsal, dinlerde eksen kavramlardan birisidir. Din bilimcilerin üzerinde sıkça durdukları, onun üzerinden dini anlamaya, yorumlamaya çalıştıkları görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda batıda kutsal ve kutsallıkla ilgili çalışmalar birçok bilim dalı tarafından yapılmış veya yapılmaya devam etmektedir. Çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil eden Kur’an’da Kutsal ve Kutsallık’ın Kur’an’da ifadesinin ne olduğu, nasıl anlatıldığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahatlarıyla Dinler tarihçilerinin tasnif ettikleri şekliyle kutsal, zaman, mekân ve şahıs boyutlarıyla ele alınmış, kavramın ilgili olduğu diğer boyutlar konunun dağılmaması için tasnifin dışında tutulmuştur. Kur’an’da kutsal ile ilgili birçok kavram kullanılmış, mutlak kutsal Allah olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Kur’an’da Allah’ın kutsallığı, tartışılamaz bir hakikat olarak karşımıza çıktığı, O’nun kendisini bu anlamda Kuddus sıfatıyla tanıttığı görülmektedir. Mutlak kutsal Allah’ın bildirdikleri veya işaret ettikleri, nisbi kutsallar olarak mukaddes, mübarek vb. sıfatlarla tavsif edilmişlerdir. Kur’an’ın ifade ettiği nisbi kutsallar; zaman, mekân, şahıs veya nesnelerle ilgili olabilir. Kur’an bunların kimisine işaret etmiş, kimisini açıkça vurgulamış, kimisini de muğlâk bırakmıştır. Kutsal varlık kendini tanıtırken vahiy veya ilham ile iletişim kurmuş, insanlar da beklentilerini dua üzerinden Allah’a ulaştırmaya çalışarak kutsalla sürekli irtibat halinde kalmışlardır. Sonuç olarak Kur’an’da kutsal, kavramsal çerçevede sunulmaya çalışılmış, kutsalın Kur’an’da nasıl ifade edildiği ortaya konulmaya çaba gösterilmiştir.
THE HOLY AND HOLINESS IN THE QURAN Holy is a crucial concept in religions. It has been observed that the theologists have been focusing on it, trying to understand the religions through it and interpret the religions with it. In this context, there have been many research studies done and there are still many of them continuing to be done on the holy and holiness in many fields of science in the west. In this work, we tried to present what the meaning of “The Holy and Holiness” is and how it is explained in the Qur’an. We studied holy within the guidelines of the theologists according to the following aspects: Time, place and person. Other aspects of the concept were not taken into the categorization due not to stray from the point. Many notions related to holy are used in the Qur’an, but the absolute holy is shown to be only Allah. We see in the Qur’an that the holiness of Allah is described as an indisputable truth and that He introduces Himself with the adjective “Quddoos” in this context. The notions which Allah, the absolute holy, proclaims or shows as “relative (partial) holy” are named as sacred (Muqaddess) and blessed (Mubarak). The relative holy notions which are represented in the Qur’an may be related to time, place, person or other phenomena. The Qur’an may sometimes point to some of them, highlight some others and sometimes even let some concepts stay ambiguous. Besides, the Holy Creator has made contact through revelation and has been doing this also through inspirations to introduce Himself. Moreover, people have been in contact with the Holy by conveying their expectations by the means of their prayers (Dua). In conclusion, we tried to analyze and present the holy within notional frames and we put effort to show how it is defined in the Qur’an.
THE HOLY AND HOLINESS IN THE QURAN Holy is a crucial concept in religions. It has been observed that the theologists have been focusing on it, trying to understand the religions through it and interpret the religions with it. In this context, there have been many research studies done and there are still many of them continuing to be done on the holy and holiness in many fields of science in the west. In this work, we tried to present what the meaning of “The Holy and Holiness” is and how it is explained in the Qur’an. We studied holy within the guidelines of the theologists according to the following aspects: Time, place and person. Other aspects of the concept were not taken into the categorization due not to stray from the point. Many notions related to holy are used in the Qur’an, but the absolute holy is shown to be only Allah. We see in the Qur’an that the holiness of Allah is described as an indisputable truth and that He introduces Himself with the adjective “Quddoos” in this context. The notions which Allah, the absolute holy, proclaims or shows as “relative (partial) holy” are named as sacred (Muqaddess) and blessed (Mubarak). The relative holy notions which are represented in the Qur’an may be related to time, place, person or other phenomena. The Qur’an may sometimes point to some of them, highlight some others and sometimes even let some concepts stay ambiguous. Besides, the Holy Creator has made contact through revelation and has been doing this also through inspirations to introduce Himself. Moreover, people have been in contact with the Holy by conveying their expectations by the means of their prayers (Dua). In conclusion, we tried to analyze and present the holy within notional frames and we put effort to show how it is defined in the Qur’an.