Publication: Fetal hiperglisemi modelinde endokrin bozucu fitalatın obezojenik etkilerinin incelenmesi
Abstract
Fetal Hiperglisemi Modelinde Endokrin Bozucu Fitalatın Obezojenik Etkilerinin İncelenmesi Öğrenci Adı: Gül Kaplan Danışman Adı: Prof. Dr. Ebru Işık Alturfan Amaç: Eksternal fertilizasyon ile gelişen zebra balığı embriyolarının glukoza maruziyeti, gestasyonel diyabette görülen fetal hiperglisemi için uygun bir modeldir. Endokrin bozucu kimyasal olarak kabul edilen fitalat, plastiğin esnetilmesinde kullanılan en yaygın fitalat türevlerinden biridir ve günlük hayatımızda plastiğin kullanıldığı her alanda karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızda gestasyonel diyabet modeli olarak glukoza maruz bırakılan zebra balığı embriyolarında fitalatın obezojenik etkileri incelenmiştir. Gereç ve yöntem: Fitalat grubundaki embriyolar 10 μg/ L fitalat, glukoz grubu %5 glukoz, glukoz+fitalat grubu 10 μg/ L fitalat ve %5 glukoz maruziyetine bırakılmış ve gelişim parametreleri takip edilmiştir. Fertilizasyon sonrası 72. saatte embriyolar homojenize edilerek homojenatlarda sırasıyla insülin, leptin, peroksizom proliferator- aktive reseptör gamma, aktive edici transkripsiyon faktörü 4a ve interlökin 6 proteinlerini kodlayan ins, lepa, pparγ ,atf4a ve Il-6 ifade düzeyleri RT-PCR yönetmi ile belirlenmiştir. Lipit peroksidasyon (LPO), nitrik oksit (NO), glutatyon-s transferaz (GST), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), asetilkolin esteraz (AChE) tayinleri spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandığında tüm maruziyet gruplarında glukoz, LPO değerleri, GST aktivitesi, il6 ve atf4a ifadeleri artarken, boy uzunlukları, lokomotor ve SOD aktiviteleri azalmıştır. AChE aktivitesi fitalat ve glukoz gruplarında azalırken, glukoz+fitalat grubunda artmıştır. pparγ ve lepa ifadeleri glukoz grubunda artarken fitalat ve glukoz+fitalat grubunda azalmış. ins ifadesi fitalat grubunda azalmış glukoz ve glukoz+fitalat gruplarında artmıştır. Sonuç: Bulgularımız zebra balığı embriyolarında oluşturulan hiperglisemi durumunun fitalat maruziyetinin obesojenik etkilerini arttırdığını göstermiştir.
Obesogenic Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Phthalate in Fetal Hyperglycemia Model Name of the Student: Gül Kaplan Name of the Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ebru Işık Alturfan Objective: Exposure of zebrafish embryos developed by external fertilization to glucose is suitable for fetal hyperglycemia seen in gestational diabetes. Phthalate, an endocrine disrupting chemical, is one of the most common phthalate derivatives in plastic stretching and is encountered in every area where plastic is used in daily life. In our study, obesogenic effects of phthalate were investigated in zebrafish embryos exposed to glucose as a gestational diabetes model. Material and methods: Embryos were exposed to 10 μg/ L phthalate, 5% glucose, 10 μg/ L phthalate + 5 % glucose in phthalate, glucose and glucose+phthalate groups and their developmental parameters were followed. At 72 hours after fertilization, embryos were homogenized and expression levels of insulin, leptin, peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma, activating transcription factor 4a and interleukin 6 were determined by RT-PCR. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione-s transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholine esterase (AChE) analyses were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results: Compared to control group, glucose, LPO, GST activity, il6 and atf4a expressions increased, while body length, locomotor and SOD activities decreased in all exposure groups. AChE activity decreased in phthalate and glucose groups, increased in the glucose+phthalate group. Expressions of pparγ and lepa increased in glucose group, but decreased in phthalate and glucose+phthalate groups. Ins expression decreased in phthalate group and increased in glucose+phthalate groups. Conclusion: Our findings showed that hyperglycemia increased the obesogenic effects of phthalate exposure in zebrafish embryos.
Obesogenic Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Phthalate in Fetal Hyperglycemia Model Name of the Student: Gül Kaplan Name of the Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ebru Işık Alturfan Objective: Exposure of zebrafish embryos developed by external fertilization to glucose is suitable for fetal hyperglycemia seen in gestational diabetes. Phthalate, an endocrine disrupting chemical, is one of the most common phthalate derivatives in plastic stretching and is encountered in every area where plastic is used in daily life. In our study, obesogenic effects of phthalate were investigated in zebrafish embryos exposed to glucose as a gestational diabetes model. Material and methods: Embryos were exposed to 10 μg/ L phthalate, 5% glucose, 10 μg/ L phthalate + 5 % glucose in phthalate, glucose and glucose+phthalate groups and their developmental parameters were followed. At 72 hours after fertilization, embryos were homogenized and expression levels of insulin, leptin, peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma, activating transcription factor 4a and interleukin 6 were determined by RT-PCR. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione-s transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholine esterase (AChE) analyses were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results: Compared to control group, glucose, LPO, GST activity, il6 and atf4a expressions increased, while body length, locomotor and SOD activities decreased in all exposure groups. AChE activity decreased in phthalate and glucose groups, increased in the glucose+phthalate group. Expressions of pparγ and lepa increased in glucose group, but decreased in phthalate and glucose+phthalate groups. Ins expression decreased in phthalate group and increased in glucose+phthalate groups. Conclusion: Our findings showed that hyperglycemia increased the obesogenic effects of phthalate exposure in zebrafish embryos.