Publication: Fıkhî açıdan katılım bankacılığında kaydî para üretimi
Abstract
Fıkhî Açıdan Katılım Bankacılığında Kaydî Para Üretimi başlıklı tezimizde kaydî paranın üretimine ve kullanımına dair fıkhî meseleleri inceleyerek katılım bankaları tarafından kullanımının analizi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu konunun seçilme nedeni, akademik çalışmalarda yeterince sorgulanmayan ve çoğunlukla arka planda kalan kaydî para üretiminin katılım bankaları tarafından kullanımını, İslam hukukunun temel prensipleri çerçevesinde ele alarak değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada öncelikle paranın tarihsel serüveni ve türleri incelenmiş, ardından bankalar eliyle gerçekleşen kaydî para üretiminin teknik süreçleri ve bu sürecin fıkhî meşruiyeti tartışılmıştır. Katılım bankalarının da konvansiyonel bankalarla benzer şekilde para ürettiği ancak bunun çoğu zaman göz ardı edildiği ya da yeterince sorgulanmadığı ortaya konmuştur. Farklı İslam ekonomistlerinin ve fıkıh alimlerinin konuya dair görüşleri karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuş ve kaydî paraya yönelik olumlu, olumsuz ve şartlı kabuller değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca tam rezerv bankacılığı gibi alternatif modellerin fıkhî tutarlılığı ve uygulanabilirliği de ele alınmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde, kaydî para üretiminin faiz, enflasyon ve servet eşitsizliği gibi olumsuz sonuçlara yol açtığı dolayısıyla sistemin mevcut haliyle fıkhî ve iktisadî sorunlar barındırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda İslam iktisadı çerçevesinde, para üretimi meselesinin daha derinlikli, disiplinler arası bir bakışla ele alınması ve mevcut sistemin maslahata uygun alternatiflerle yeniden yapılandırılması gerekli görülmüştür.
The aim of our thesis, titled “Bank Money Creation in Participation Banking from a Fiqh Perspective,” is to analyze how participation banks use bank money by examining the fiqh (Islamic jurisprudential) issues related to its creation and use. The reason for selecting this topic is to assess the use of bank money by participation banks, often relegated to the background and insufficiently scrutinized in academic studies, within the framework of the foundational principles of Islamic law. In this study, the historical journey and types of money were first examined, followed by a discussion of the technical processes of bank money production by banks and the fiqh legitimacy of this process. It is revealed that participation banks produce money in a similar way to conventional banks, but this is often overlooked or not sufficiently questioned. The views of different Islamic economists and fiqh scholars on the subject are presented comparatively, and positive, negative, and conditional acceptances of bank money are evaluated. In addition, the fiqh consistency and applicability of alternative models such as full reserve banking have been addressed. As a result of the study, it has been concluded that the production of bank money leads to negative consequences such as interest, inflation, and wealth inequality, and therefore the current system harbors fiqh and economic problems. In this context, it is deemed necessary to address the issue of money production within the framework of Islamic economics with a more in-depth, interdisciplinary approach and to restructure the current system with alternatives that are in line with the public interest.
The aim of our thesis, titled “Bank Money Creation in Participation Banking from a Fiqh Perspective,” is to analyze how participation banks use bank money by examining the fiqh (Islamic jurisprudential) issues related to its creation and use. The reason for selecting this topic is to assess the use of bank money by participation banks, often relegated to the background and insufficiently scrutinized in academic studies, within the framework of the foundational principles of Islamic law. In this study, the historical journey and types of money were first examined, followed by a discussion of the technical processes of bank money production by banks and the fiqh legitimacy of this process. It is revealed that participation banks produce money in a similar way to conventional banks, but this is often overlooked or not sufficiently questioned. The views of different Islamic economists and fiqh scholars on the subject are presented comparatively, and positive, negative, and conditional acceptances of bank money are evaluated. In addition, the fiqh consistency and applicability of alternative models such as full reserve banking have been addressed. As a result of the study, it has been concluded that the production of bank money leads to negative consequences such as interest, inflation, and wealth inequality, and therefore the current system harbors fiqh and economic problems. In this context, it is deemed necessary to address the issue of money production within the framework of Islamic economics with a more in-depth, interdisciplinary approach and to restructure the current system with alternatives that are in line with the public interest.