Bioceramics

Abstract

Bioceramics commonly employed materials for the restoration, replacement and recovery of unhealthy and impaired pieces of the muscle and skeletal system, as well as periodontal anomalies. According to the host tissue interactions, bioceramics can be graded as nearly bioinert, bioactive, and bioresorbable. Most of the clinical applications of bioceramics comprise orthopedic and dental surgery and also have potential in the field of tissue engineering. This chapter aims to introduce a concise and accessible overview of the past of bioceramics to the present. From bioinert to bioactive and bioabsorbable bioceramics, the classification of materials is discussed and bioceramics characteristics such as biodegradability, bioactivity, biocompatibility, porosity, mechanical and surface properties, as well as osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity emphasized in depth. Production processes of bioceramics are also considered herein. At the end of this chapter, the biomedical applications of bioceramics including orthopedic, dental, surface coatings, and bone tissue engineering, challenges, and future research expectations in the area of bioceramics are also highlighted.