Publication: Hasan Eşref (ö. XIX. yy ?) Mecmūʻası (inceleme-metin)
Abstract
Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Koyunoğlu Müzesi ve Kütüphanesi 12779 numarasına kayıtlı olan mecmua 129 varaktan müteşekkildir. Müstensihi XIX. yüzyıl şairi olan Hasan Eşref'dir. Çalışma altı bölümden oluşmuştur. Giriş bölümünde mecmua ile ilgili verilmiştir. Üzerinde çalışılan eserin karışık şiir mecmuası grubuna dâhil edilebileceği söylenmiştir. Birinci bölümde XIX. yüzyılda yaşanan siyasî olaylar, döneme iz bırakan iki tarikat çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Söz konusu edilen dönemin edebî sahada meydana getirdiği değişiklikler üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde XIX. yüzyılda yaşamış, asıl mesleği kâtiplik olan bir şairin Osmanlı Arşivi'ndeki belge doğrultusunda hayatı, özellikle de aldığı devlet görevleri hakkında bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Mecmuanın zahriye sayfasındaki mühürden ve nesir bölümündeki notlardan hareketle şairin tarikatı olan Nakşibendî-Hâlidî koluna mensup olduğu ve şeyhi Feyzullah Efendi'ye intisap ettiğinin tespiti yapılmıştır. Şiirlerini yazarken Arapça-Farsça terkip ve kelimeler kullanmasına karşın akıcı bir Türkçe ile aynı zamanda şiirlerinde yer verdiği deyimler, atasözleri ve mahallî ifadelerle birlikte üslubu belirlenmiştir. Bu tespitlerin sonucunda şiirlerinin amacının sanat yapmak değil öğreticilik amacı taşıdığı anlaşılmıştır. Eserin üçüncü bölümünde ise Hasan Eşref'in şiirleri, şekil ve muhteva açısından incelenip değerlendirilmiştir. Şairin şiirlerinde en çok tercih ettiği nazım şeklinin gazel olduğu tabloda gösterilmiş, bu nazım şekilleri arasında özellikle aruzun fâilatün/ fâilatün/ fâilatün/ fâilün kalıbını kullandığı ve bu durumun hemen bütün divan şairleri tarafından tercih edildiği söylenilmiştir. Yine şiirlerinde en çok kafiye-i mürdefe yer verdiği tablo üzerinde gösterilip örneklerle beraber açıklanmıştır. Şiirlerin muhtevası Dinî Unsurlar, Dinî Şahsiyetler, Kutsal Kitap, Ayet ve Hadisler, Dinî Kavramlar, Tasavvuf, Tarikatlar, Şahıslar, Hikâye Kahramanları, Kavimler, Ülkeler, Şehirler ve Coğrafi Yerler, İnsan, Kozmik Âlem, Bitkiler ve Hayvanlar başlığı altında incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme neticesinde şairin iç dünyası ve şiirleri üzerine tespitler yapılmıştır. Farklı şairlerden derlediği şiirlerden oluşan dördüncü bölümde ise şiirlerin hangi şairlere ait olduğunun tespiti yapılmıştır. Bu durumun neticesinde 279 adet Türkçe şiir bulunduğu ve bu şiirlerin şairlerinden ise 45 tanesinin belirlendiği belirtilmiştir. Mecmuada incelenen şiirlerde şairin özellikle beyit nazım şeklini tercih ettiği dile getirilmiştir. Arapça ve Farsça şiirler ayrı olarak incelenmiştir. Son bölümde ise nüsha tavsifi ile beraber metni oluştururken izlenilen yol hakkında bilgiler verilmiş ve tenkitli metin kısmı oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma, sonuç ve kaynakçanın verilmesiyle beraber tamamlanmıştır.
Konya Metropolitan Municipality Koyunoğlu Museum and Library, registered under the number 12779, consist of 129 leaves. Producer XIX. century poet Hasan Eşref. The study consists of six chapters. In the introduction, general information about the journal is given. It has been said that the work studied can be included in the group of mixed poetry magazines. In the first part, the politicial events that took place in the XIX. century are discussed within the framework of two sects that left their mark on the period. The changes brought about by the mentioned period in the literary field are emphasized. In the second part of the study, information about the life of a poet, who lived in the XIX. century and whose main occupation was a clerk, is given in accordance with the document in the Ottoman Archive, and especially about the state duties he took. Based on the seal on the zahriye page of the journal and the notes in the prose section, it has been determined that the poet was a member of the Nakşibendî-Hâlidî sect and was affiliated with the Şeyh Feyzullah Efendi. Although he used Arabic and Persian compositions and word while writing his poems, his style was determined with a fluent Turkısh as well as idioms, proverbs and local expressions in his poems. As aresult of these determinations, it was understood that the purpose of his poems was not to make art but to teach. In the third part of the work, Hasan Eşref's poems are examined and evaluated in terms of form and content. It is shown in the table that it is the most preferred ghazal verse form of the poet, and it is said that among these verse forms, especially aruz prosody Fâilatün/ fâilatün/ fâilatün/ fâilün is used and this is preferred by almost all divan poets. Again, it was shown on the table taht he mostly included rhyme-i mureddef in his poems and explained with examples. The content of the poems has been examined under the title of Religious Figures, Holy Books, Verses and Hadiths, Religious Concepts, Mysticism, Sects, İndividuals, Story Heroes, Tribes, Countries, Cities and Geographical Places, Human, Cosmic World, Plants and Animals. As a result of this examination, determinations were made on the inner world of the poet and his poems. In the fourth chapter, which consists of poems compiled from different poems, it has been determined which poets the poems belong to. As s result of this situation, it was stated that there were 279 Turkısh poems and 45 of the poets pf these poems were determined. Arabic and Persian poems were studied separately.It has been said that the poet especially preferred the couplet verse form in these analyzed poems. In the last section, along with the description of the copy, information about the way followed while creating the text was given and the critical text part was created. The study was completed with the conclusion and bibliography.
Konya Metropolitan Municipality Koyunoğlu Museum and Library, registered under the number 12779, consist of 129 leaves. Producer XIX. century poet Hasan Eşref. The study consists of six chapters. In the introduction, general information about the journal is given. It has been said that the work studied can be included in the group of mixed poetry magazines. In the first part, the politicial events that took place in the XIX. century are discussed within the framework of two sects that left their mark on the period. The changes brought about by the mentioned period in the literary field are emphasized. In the second part of the study, information about the life of a poet, who lived in the XIX. century and whose main occupation was a clerk, is given in accordance with the document in the Ottoman Archive, and especially about the state duties he took. Based on the seal on the zahriye page of the journal and the notes in the prose section, it has been determined that the poet was a member of the Nakşibendî-Hâlidî sect and was affiliated with the Şeyh Feyzullah Efendi. Although he used Arabic and Persian compositions and word while writing his poems, his style was determined with a fluent Turkısh as well as idioms, proverbs and local expressions in his poems. As aresult of these determinations, it was understood that the purpose of his poems was not to make art but to teach. In the third part of the work, Hasan Eşref's poems are examined and evaluated in terms of form and content. It is shown in the table that it is the most preferred ghazal verse form of the poet, and it is said that among these verse forms, especially aruz prosody Fâilatün/ fâilatün/ fâilatün/ fâilün is used and this is preferred by almost all divan poets. Again, it was shown on the table taht he mostly included rhyme-i mureddef in his poems and explained with examples. The content of the poems has been examined under the title of Religious Figures, Holy Books, Verses and Hadiths, Religious Concepts, Mysticism, Sects, İndividuals, Story Heroes, Tribes, Countries, Cities and Geographical Places, Human, Cosmic World, Plants and Animals. As a result of this examination, determinations were made on the inner world of the poet and his poems. In the fourth chapter, which consists of poems compiled from different poems, it has been determined which poets the poems belong to. As s result of this situation, it was stated that there were 279 Turkısh poems and 45 of the poets pf these poems were determined. Arabic and Persian poems were studied separately.It has been said that the poet especially preferred the couplet verse form in these analyzed poems. In the last section, along with the description of the copy, information about the way followed while creating the text was given and the critical text part was created. The study was completed with the conclusion and bibliography.