Publication: Bediüzzaman Said Nursi'nin eserlerinde din siyaset ilişkisine dair bir inceleme
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Bediüzzaman Said Nursi’nin (1877-1960) din siyaset ilişkisine dair görüşleri Eski, Yeni ve Üçüncü Said şeklinde incelenmiştir. Eski Said daha on beş yaşındayken siyasete girmiştir. Kürdlerin, Osmanlıların ve İslam dünyasının istikbalini meşrutiyette görüyordu. Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Ruslara esir olmuştur. Millî Mücadele lehinde fetva vererek Anadolu Hükümeti’ni desteklemiştir. Gaye-i hayalim dediği fen ve din ilimlerinin Türkçe, Arapça ve Kürdçe dillerinde okutulduğu uluslararası Medresetüzzehra Üniversitesi için Birinci Meclis’te destek aramıştır. Akabinde Ankara Hükümetiyle görüşlerinin uyuşmaması üzerine siyasetten çekilmiştir. Yeni Said dediği bu dönemde sadece iman ve Kur’an hakikatlarıyla meşgul olmuştur. Sürgünler ve hapishanelerle geçen bir hayata rağmen vatan ve milletin birliğinden yana durmuştur.Çok Partili dönemle tekrar siyaseti yakından takip etmiştir. Eski ve Üçüncü Said dönemlerinde elinden geldiğince siyaseti İslam’a, Kur’an’a, vatana ve millete dost yapmak için gayret etmiştir.Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet dönemlerinde siyasal aktörlerletemasla siyasete yön vermeye çalışmıştır. Ulusal ve uluslararası mevzularda görüşlerini paylaşmış, teklif, tavsiye ve tenkitlerde bulunarak siyaset yapmıştır. Devrin siyasetçilerine Medresetüzzehra projesi, Ayasofya’nın açılması, Risalelerin Diyanet tarafında bastırılması, ırkçılık ve komünizm tehlikesi, İttihad-ı İslam ve Hristiyanlarla ittifak gibi muhtelif mevzularda görüşlerini paylaşarak siyaset yapmıştır. Bu çalışmaylaTürkiye’de din-siyaset ilişkisinde karşılaşılan sorunların çözümünde Kürd ve din alimi kimliğiyle Nursi’nin görüşlerinin katkı sunmasını ümit ediyoruz. Metin incelemesi olan bu tezde söylem (discourse) analizi ile vakıa analizi (case study) esas alınmıştır.Çalışmanın özgün tarafı eski eserleri, gazete yazıları, müdafaaları, sürgün ve hapishane mektupları, Risale-i Nur Külliyatı dâhil Osmanlıca, Latince harflerle yazılmış Arapça, Kürdçe ve Türkçe birinci kaynak bütün telifleri dikkate alınarak karşılaştırmalı, yorumlayıcı, eleştirel, multidisipliner bütüncül bir yöntem izlenmesindedir.
In this dissertation, opinions of Bediüzzaman Said Nursi (1877-1960)about religious and political relations have been examined as three different identities: Old, New and Third Said. When he was 15 years old, Old Said was interested in politics. He believed that the future of Kurds, Ottomans and Islamic World was dependent on Constitutional Democracy. He was captured by Russian in WWI. He supported Anatolian Government by declaring fatwa in favor of National Struggle. As he defined his goal, Bediüzzaman sought support in the First Parliament for international Medresetüzzehra University where scientificand religious curriculum would be taught in Arabic, Turkish and Kurdish languages. He gave up politics after disagreeing with Government. He only dealt with Quranic beliefs in this new era called New Said. Despite of exile and prisons,Bediüzzaman always supported unity of homeland and nation. In the Multiparty Era, he began to be interested in politics closely. He did politics constructively on behalf of Quran, homeland and nation in the Old and the Third Said era. Thus, he communicated with political actors in the era of Ottoman and Republics to direct politics. He did politics by sharing, offering, advising and criticizing about national and international topicssuch as Medresetüzzehra project, reopening of Hagia Sophia, publishing of Risale by Religious Affairs, threats of racism and communism, unity of Islam and alliance with Christians. I hope this dissertation aims to solve religious and political problems of Turkey thanks to opinions of Nursi having Kurdish identity and religious scholar title. Discourse analysis and case study have been conducted in this text analysis. The original aspect of this dissertation is to use comparative, interpretative, critical thinking, multidisciplinary and holistic method by examining all primary sources of Nursi’s old texts, articles, defendants, letters of prisons and exiles, Risale-i Nur Collection and all texts written in Ottoman and Latin letters.
In this dissertation, opinions of Bediüzzaman Said Nursi (1877-1960)about religious and political relations have been examined as three different identities: Old, New and Third Said. When he was 15 years old, Old Said was interested in politics. He believed that the future of Kurds, Ottomans and Islamic World was dependent on Constitutional Democracy. He was captured by Russian in WWI. He supported Anatolian Government by declaring fatwa in favor of National Struggle. As he defined his goal, Bediüzzaman sought support in the First Parliament for international Medresetüzzehra University where scientificand religious curriculum would be taught in Arabic, Turkish and Kurdish languages. He gave up politics after disagreeing with Government. He only dealt with Quranic beliefs in this new era called New Said. Despite of exile and prisons,Bediüzzaman always supported unity of homeland and nation. In the Multiparty Era, he began to be interested in politics closely. He did politics constructively on behalf of Quran, homeland and nation in the Old and the Third Said era. Thus, he communicated with political actors in the era of Ottoman and Republics to direct politics. He did politics by sharing, offering, advising and criticizing about national and international topicssuch as Medresetüzzehra project, reopening of Hagia Sophia, publishing of Risale by Religious Affairs, threats of racism and communism, unity of Islam and alliance with Christians. I hope this dissertation aims to solve religious and political problems of Turkey thanks to opinions of Nursi having Kurdish identity and religious scholar title. Discourse analysis and case study have been conducted in this text analysis. The original aspect of this dissertation is to use comparative, interpretative, critical thinking, multidisciplinary and holistic method by examining all primary sources of Nursi’s old texts, articles, defendants, letters of prisons and exiles, Risale-i Nur Collection and all texts written in Ottoman and Latin letters.
Description
Keywords
Bediüzzaman Said Nursi, Bediüzzaman Said Nursi’nin, (1877-1960), Civilization, Din, Görüş ve düşünceleri, IslamicUnion, İttihad-ı İslam, Laiklik, Medeniyet, Medresetüzzehra, Milliyetçilik, Nationalism, Politics, Religion, Risale-i Nur, Secularism, Sharia, Siyaset, Siyaset Bediüzzaman Said Nursi, Siyaset ve yönetim, Şeriat, Türkiye
