Publication: Annelik kimliğine geçiş sürecinin narrative yaklaşım bağlamında incelenmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada anneliği deneyimlemiş kadınların, ilk defa anne olduklarında karşılarına çıkan zorluklara, üzerlerinde bıraktığı etkilere, baş etme stratejilerine ve annelikle ilgili olumsuz toplumsal söylemlerle karşı duruşlarına dair deneyimlerini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu deneyimlerin ortaya çıkarılmasında Narrative Terapi’nin felsefesi ve ilkeleri kullanılarak derinlemesine bilgi almak hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaca uygun olan araştırma yönteminin nitel desenlerden fenomenoloji olduğu düşünülmüştür. Narrative Terapi felsefesi çerçevesinde yorumlayıcı fenomenolojik desen kullanılarak oluşturulan görüşme soruları kapsam geçerliliğini sağlamak adına üç ayrı akademisyen/ uygulamacı tarafından değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Bu değerlendirmeler sonucunda sorulara son şekli verilmiştir. En küçük üç yaş ve üzeri çocuğu olan deneyimli her yaş, eğitim ve sosyo ekonomik gruptan anneler örneklem grubuna dahil edilmiştir. Öncelikle 4 anne ile birebir ve derinlemesine pilot görüşme yapılmıştır. Ardından sorulara yeniden şekil verilip kartopu örneklemeden yararlanılarak 14 anne ile çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerde alınan ses kayıtları deşifre edilmiş ve Maxqda 20 Nitel Analiz analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda annelerin ilk annelik deneyimlerine dair anne olmayı zorlaştıran faktörler, anne olmanın kadınlara etkileri, anne olmanın ihtiyaçları ve anneliği yeniden yazma olmak üzere dört ana temaya ulaşılmıştır. Annelerin ilk defa anne olduklarında yaşadıkları deneyimleri, anneliğe uyum sağlayamama sebepleri, anne olmanın sonuçları ve alternatif annelik hikâyelerine ulaşılarak anne olmanın deneyimi derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Olumsuz toplumsal normların, cinsiyet rollerine bağlı olarak bir kadının annelik etme şeklini belirlemesinin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan anneliğin zorlukları ve kadınların tüm bu olumsuz normlara karşı duruşları ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the experiences of women who have experienced motherhood about the difficulties they face when they become mothers for the first time, the effects they have on them, their coping strategies and their stances against negative social discourses about motherhood. In revealing these experiences, it is aimed to obtain in-depth information by using the philosophy and principles of Narrative Therapy. It is thought that the research method suitable for this purpose is phenomenology, one of the qualitative patterns. The interview questions, which were created using an interpretative phenomenological design within the framework of Narrative Therapy philosophy, were evaluated by three different academicians/ practitioners in order to ensure content validity. As a result of these evaluations, the questions were given their final form. Experienced mothers of all ages, education and socio-economic groups with the youngest child aged three and over were included in the sample group. First of all, one-to-one and in-depth pilot interviews were conducted with 4 mothers. Then, the questions were reshaped and the study was carried out with 14 mothers by using snowball sampling. The audio recordings taken during the interviews were deciphered and analyzed with the Maxqda 20 Qualitative Analysis program. As a result of the research, four main themes were reached about the mothers' first experiences of motherhood: the factors that make it difficult to be a mother, the effects of being a mother on women, the needs of being a mother and rewriting motherhood. The experiences of mothers when they became mothers for the first time, the reasons for not adapting to motherhood, the consequences of being a mother, and the experience of being a mother for the first time were examined in depth by accessing alternative motherhood stories. The difficulties of motherhood that emerged as a result of negative social norms determining the way of motherhood of a woman depending on gender roles and women's stances against all these negative norms were revealed.
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the experiences of women who have experienced motherhood about the difficulties they face when they become mothers for the first time, the effects they have on them, their coping strategies and their stances against negative social discourses about motherhood. In revealing these experiences, it is aimed to obtain in-depth information by using the philosophy and principles of Narrative Therapy. It is thought that the research method suitable for this purpose is phenomenology, one of the qualitative patterns. The interview questions, which were created using an interpretative phenomenological design within the framework of Narrative Therapy philosophy, were evaluated by three different academicians/ practitioners in order to ensure content validity. As a result of these evaluations, the questions were given their final form. Experienced mothers of all ages, education and socio-economic groups with the youngest child aged three and over were included in the sample group. First of all, one-to-one and in-depth pilot interviews were conducted with 4 mothers. Then, the questions were reshaped and the study was carried out with 14 mothers by using snowball sampling. The audio recordings taken during the interviews were deciphered and analyzed with the Maxqda 20 Qualitative Analysis program. As a result of the research, four main themes were reached about the mothers' first experiences of motherhood: the factors that make it difficult to be a mother, the effects of being a mother on women, the needs of being a mother and rewriting motherhood. The experiences of mothers when they became mothers for the first time, the reasons for not adapting to motherhood, the consequences of being a mother, and the experience of being a mother for the first time were examined in depth by accessing alternative motherhood stories. The difficulties of motherhood that emerged as a result of negative social norms determining the way of motherhood of a woman depending on gender roles and women's stances against all these negative norms were revealed.