Publication: Modern dönem Malay dünyasında tefsir geleneği : Hamka ve Tafsir al-Azhar örneği
Abstract
En kalabalık müslüman nüfusa sahip ülke olduğu bilinen Endonezya’yı da içine alan ve Tayland’a kadar uzanan üç yüz milyon nüfuslu Malay dünyası, İslâm’ı kabulünden bu yana Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’i doğru anlamak ve isabetli yorumlamak için ciddi çabalar göstermiştir. Ne var ki bu çalışmalar, özellikle ülkemizde akademik çevrelerde hak ettiği ilgiyi görememiştir. Bu çalışmada, modern dönem Malay dünyasında tefsir faaliyetlerinin öncüsü kabul edilebilecek Endonezyalı müfessir Hamka’nın (Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, 1908-1981) Tafsir al-Azhar isimli eseri bağlamında bu coğrafyadaki çağdaş tefsir faaliyetlerinin karakteristiği incelenmektedir. Bu çerçevede, önce İslâm’ın Malay dünyasına girişi ve bu coğrafyadaki tefsir faaliyetlerinin kısa bir tarihçesi verilmiş; Hamka’nın hayatı, eserleri ve ilmî kişiliği tanıtıldıktan sonra Tafsir al-Azhar’in arka planı, metodu, üslûbu ve kaynaklarına yer verilmiş; tefsirinde kelam, fıkıh, tasavvuf, Kur’an kıssaları, İsrâiliyat ve bilimselci tefsir konularına bakışı ele alınmış ve bu konulardaki bazı âyetleri tefsiri incelenmiştir.
The Malay world, with a population of three hundred million people, including Indonesia which is known to have the largest Muslim population, extending to Thailand, has made serious efforts to understand and interpret the Qur'ān correctly since its embracing of Islam. However, these studies did not get the attention they deserve by academic circles especially in Turkey. In this study, the general characteristics of contemporary tafsīr studies in the Malay world are examined in the context of Tafsir al-Azhar written by the Indonesian exegete Hamka (Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah) (1908-1981), who can be seen as the pioneer of modern tafsir in the Malay world. In this context, firstly, a brief history of Islam in the Malay world and the history of tafsīr activities in the region are given. Then, the background of Tafsir al-Azhar, its sources, method and language style are mentioned. Then Hamka’s views on various issues of kalam, fiqh, tasawwuf, stories in the Qur’ān, isrāiliyyāt and scientific tafsīr in his Tafsir al-Azhar and his commentary of examplary verses relating these topics are examined.
The Malay world, with a population of three hundred million people, including Indonesia which is known to have the largest Muslim population, extending to Thailand, has made serious efforts to understand and interpret the Qur'ān correctly since its embracing of Islam. However, these studies did not get the attention they deserve by academic circles especially in Turkey. In this study, the general characteristics of contemporary tafsīr studies in the Malay world are examined in the context of Tafsir al-Azhar written by the Indonesian exegete Hamka (Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah) (1908-1981), who can be seen as the pioneer of modern tafsir in the Malay world. In this context, firstly, a brief history of Islam in the Malay world and the history of tafsīr activities in the region are given. Then, the background of Tafsir al-Azhar, its sources, method and language style are mentioned. Then Hamka’s views on various issues of kalam, fiqh, tasawwuf, stories in the Qur’ān, isrāiliyyāt and scientific tafsīr in his Tafsir al-Azhar and his commentary of examplary verses relating these topics are examined.