Publication: Talcott Parsons'ın toplumsal eylem kuramı bağlamında halkla ilişkiler
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Kurumlar, ilerleme sağlamak ve varlıklarını sürdürebilmek için kamu ile ilişki içerisinde
olmak ve bu ilişkiyi dengeli bir biçimde sürdürmek zorundadır. Kurumlar kamu ile
ilişkilerini iletişim araç ve yöntemleriyle yürütür. Belirli bir kurumun iletişim faaliyetleri
temelde halkla ilişkiler, reklam veya propaganda olarak nitelendirilir. Bu
nitelendirmelerden hangisinin kurumun iletişim faaliyetlerini karakterize ettiği kurumun
kamuya yönelik tutum ve kanaatleri tarafından belirlenir. Eğer kurum kendi hedef ve
menfaatlerini önceleyerek kamuyu belirli bazı dayatmalara maruz bırakıyor ve onlardan
arzu edilen davranışı elde etmek amacıyla buyurgan bir iletişim şekli benimsiyorsa
propaganda tercih edilmiştir. Diğer yandan kurum, kamunun ihtiyaçlarını gidererek
kendi menfaat ve hedeeri doğrultusunda, onlardan arzu edilen davranışı elde etmeye
yönelik iletişim faaliyetleri gerçekleştiriyorsa o kurumda kamu ile ilişkiler daha çok
reklam çerçevesinde yürütülmektedir. Aksine belirli bir kurumda kamunun menfaatleri ve
hedeeri kurumunki kadar önemseniyor ve göz önünde bulunduruluyorsa, kurumun
kamuya olduğu gibi kamunun da kuruma tesiri söz konusuysa o kurumun kamu ile
ilişkileri halkla ilişkiler ilkeleriyle yürütülüyor demektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; halkla
ilişkiler, reklam ve propagandanın bu karakterini Talcott Parsons'ın Toplumsal Eylem
Teorisiyle epistemolojik olarak temellendirmektir. Buna göre; kurumlar toplum olarak ele
alınmış, toplumu oluşturan alt sistemlerden kültürel sistemin baskın olduğu kurumlardan
propaganda faaliyetlerinin, sosyal sistemin hâkim olduğu kurumlarda reklam
faaliyetlerinin, bu iki alt sistemin kişilik sistemi tarafında domine edildiği kurumlarda ise
halkla ilişkiler faaliyetlerinin kurum-kamu ilişkilerini karakterize ettiği sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır
a balanced way in order to make progress and maintain their existence. Organizations conduct their relations with the public through communication tools and methods. Communication activities of a particular organization are basically identied as public relations, advertising or propaganda. Which of these identicaitons characterizes the communication activities of the organization is determined by the attitude and opinions of the organization towards the public. If the organization prioritizes its own goals and interests, exposes the public to certain impositions and adopts an authoritative form of communication in order to obtain the desired behavior from them, propaganda is preferred. On the other hand, if the organization carries out communication activities aimed at obtaining the desired behavior from them in line with its own interests and goals by meeting the needs of the public, relations with the public in that organization are mostly carried out within the framework of advertising. On the contrary, if the interests and goals of the public are as important and taken into account as those of the organization, if the public inuences the organization as well as the public, then the relations of that organization with the public are carried out with the principles of public relations. The aim of this study is to ground this character of public relations, advertising and propaganda epistemologically with Talcott Parsons' Social Action Theory. According to this aim; organizations were considered as a society, and it was concluded that propaganda activities in organizations where the cultural system is dominant, advertising activities in organizations where the social system is dominant, and public relations activities in organizations where these two subsystems are dominated by the personality system characterize the organization-public relations.
a balanced way in order to make progress and maintain their existence. Organizations conduct their relations with the public through communication tools and methods. Communication activities of a particular organization are basically identied as public relations, advertising or propaganda. Which of these identicaitons characterizes the communication activities of the organization is determined by the attitude and opinions of the organization towards the public. If the organization prioritizes its own goals and interests, exposes the public to certain impositions and adopts an authoritative form of communication in order to obtain the desired behavior from them, propaganda is preferred. On the other hand, if the organization carries out communication activities aimed at obtaining the desired behavior from them in line with its own interests and goals by meeting the needs of the public, relations with the public in that organization are mostly carried out within the framework of advertising. On the contrary, if the interests and goals of the public are as important and taken into account as those of the organization, if the public inuences the organization as well as the public, then the relations of that organization with the public are carried out with the principles of public relations. The aim of this study is to ground this character of public relations, advertising and propaganda epistemologically with Talcott Parsons' Social Action Theory. According to this aim; organizations were considered as a society, and it was concluded that propaganda activities in organizations where the cultural system is dominant, advertising activities in organizations where the social system is dominant, and public relations activities in organizations where these two subsystems are dominated by the personality system characterize the organization-public relations.
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İNGEÇ A. K., "TALCOTT PARSONS'IN TOPLUMSAL EYLEM KURAMI BAĞLAMINDA HALKLA İLİŞKİLER", THE JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND HISTORY-GEOGRAPHY OF ANKARA UNIVERSITY, cilt.62, sa.2, ss.1498-1514, 2022
