Publication: Meclis-İ Meşâyıh’ın kuruluşu ve Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemi faaliyetleri
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Devleti’nde tarikat ve tekkeleri denetleme amacıyla 1866 yılında kurulan Meclis-i Meşâyıh’ın Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemi faaliyetleri, kurumun devlet nezdindeki önemi ve devletin bu kurum çerçevesinde tarikatlara yaklaşımı incelenmiştir. Osmanlı coğrafyasında bulunan tüm tarikat ve tekkeler devletin merkezileşme ve modernleşme sürecine girdiği XIX. yüzyılda yapılan bir takım düzenlemelerle daha sıkı kontrol altına alınmış ve bunlar üzerindeki denetim etkinleştirilmiştir. Tarikatlar üzerindeki denetimin kademeli olarak artırıldığı bu yüzyılda kurulan Meclis-i Meşâyıh tarikatların kontrolünde en önemli karar merci olmuştur. Şeyhülislamlık’a bağlı olarak Meclis-i Meşâyıh’ın faaliyetleri ihtiyaçlara binaen artmış ve özellikle Sultan II. Abdülhamid döneminde kurumsal anlamda daha sistematik ve düzenli bir çalışma düzenine geçmiştir. Bu dönemde adı geçen meclis tarafından alınan kararların defterlere kaydedilmiş olması, bu meclisin yapısı ve faaliyetleriyle ilgili önemli veriler sağlamış ve çalışmanın temel dayanaklarını oluşturmuştur. Abdülhamid, Meclis-i Meşâyıh, Şeyhülislamlık, Evkâf Nezâreti, Tarikatlar, Tekkeler.
This study analyzes the activities of Meclis-i Meşâyıh founded in 1866 for the purpose of inspecting the sufi sects and lodges in the Ottoman Empire during the era of Sultan Abdulhamid II, the significance of the institution at the government and the approach of the government toward the religious sects within the frame of this institution. All sufi sects and lodges in the Ottoman geography were taken under a stricter control through several regulations that were enacted in the 19th century, when the government was under a centralization and modernization process and supervision over them was enabled. Meclis-i Meşâyıh that was founded in this century, when the supervision over the sufi sects was increased gradually, came to be the most important decision maker in controlling the religious sects. The activities of Meclis-i Meşâyıh were increased due to the needs as it was affiliated to Şeyhulislam and a more institutionally systematic and organized way of working was adopted especially during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II. The fact that the decisions taken by the assembly mentioned in this period were registered to the books provided significant data related to the structure and activities of this assembly and constituted the main foundations of the study. Abdulhamid II, Meclis-i Meşâyıh, Şeyhulislam, Evkâf Ministry, Sufi Sects, Lodges.
This study analyzes the activities of Meclis-i Meşâyıh founded in 1866 for the purpose of inspecting the sufi sects and lodges in the Ottoman Empire during the era of Sultan Abdulhamid II, the significance of the institution at the government and the approach of the government toward the religious sects within the frame of this institution. All sufi sects and lodges in the Ottoman geography were taken under a stricter control through several regulations that were enacted in the 19th century, when the government was under a centralization and modernization process and supervision over them was enabled. Meclis-i Meşâyıh that was founded in this century, when the supervision over the sufi sects was increased gradually, came to be the most important decision maker in controlling the religious sects. The activities of Meclis-i Meşâyıh were increased due to the needs as it was affiliated to Şeyhulislam and a more institutionally systematic and organized way of working was adopted especially during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II. The fact that the decisions taken by the assembly mentioned in this period were registered to the books provided significant data related to the structure and activities of this assembly and constituted the main foundations of the study. Abdulhamid II, Meclis-i Meşâyıh, Şeyhulislam, Evkâf Ministry, Sufi Sects, Lodges.