Publication: Yahya B. Ebi’l-Hayr el-İmrani’nin Zeydileri eleştirisi
Abstract
ÖZETYAHYA B. EBİ’L-HAYR EL-İMRANİ’NİN ZEYDİLERİ ELEŞTİRİSİ“Yahya b. Ebi’l-Hayr El-İmrâni’nin Zeydîleri Eleştirisi” başlıklı tez çalışmasında, 6./ 12. yüzyılda Yemen’de yaşayan Yahya b. Ebi’l-Hayr El-İmrânî’nin el-İntisar fi reddi ale’l-Mutezileti’l-Kaderiyyeti’l-eşrar adlı eseri bağlamında Zeydîleri eleştirdiği hususlar genel olarak incelenmektedir. Tezimiz giriş, iki bölüm ve sonuçtan oluşmakta olup, girişte tez çalışmamızın ana konusu, önemi, kapsamı, amacı, yöntemi ve istifade edilen temel kaynaklara ilişkin bilgiler verdik. Birinci bölümde İmrânî’nin içinde yaşadığı sosyo-politik, dini-mezhebi ortam, hayatı, ilim tahsili ve hocaları, öğrencileri, eserleri konu edilmiştir. İmrânî’nin yaşadığı dönemde siyasi ortam bağlamında Yemen’deki yerel devletler ve birbirleriyle ilişkilerine yer verilmiş, mezhebi ortam bağlamında bu dönemdeki fıkhî ve itikadi mezhepler, onların kendi içlerindeki durum ve birbirleriyle ilişkileri genel olarak ele alınmıştır. Sonra El-İntisâr fi reddi ale’l-Mutezileti’l-Kaderiyyeti’l-Eşrar eseri hakkında detaylı bilgiler vermeye çalıştık. Daha sonra da İmrânî ve mensubu olduğu Ehl-i Hadis-Hanbeli mezhebinin benimsediği temel itikadî fikirleri/ inançları bizzat yazarın kendi eserinden takdim etmeye ve bu konularda ortaya çıkan meselelerin çözümünde müracaat ettikleri ana delilleri/ bilgi kaynaklarını açıklamaya çalıştık. Bu şekilde okuyucunun, İmrânî’nin ikinci bölümde betimlenen eleştirilerini daha sağlıklı değerlendirebileceğini düşünmekteyiz. Araştırmamızın temel konusunu teşkil eden ikinci bölümde ise, İmranî’nin el-İntisar adlı eseri bağlamında Zeydileri eleştirdiği temel konular ve bunları nasıl gerekçelendirdiği hususu incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte yeri geldikçe İmrânî’nin bu eserde muhalifi Zeydî kâdî Ca’fer b. Ahmed’e atfettiği ifade ve fikirler imkan nisbetinde onun ed-Dâmiğ adlı eserinden de kontrol edilerek herhangi bir farklılık olup olmadığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Burada iki tarafın birbirlerine hakaret amaçlı yönelttikleri Haşeviyye, Kaderiyye isimlendirmeleri, Marifetullah, Allah’ın sıfatları, salah, aslah, ivaz, Allah’ın ve insanın fiilleri, Allah’ın iradesi, hidayeti ve saptırması, kaza, kader, İsrâ, Mi’rac, kabir azabı, cin, iblis, deccal, imâmet ve hilafet konularına ve bu konulardaki karşılıklı eleştirilere yer verilmiştir. Sonuç kısmında da elde edilen bulgular çerçevesinde bir özet ve değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
ABSTRACTYAHYA B. ABÛ AL-HAYR AL-IMRANI’SCRITICISM TO ZAYDISIn this thesis titled “Yahya bin Abû Al-Hayr Al-Imrâni’s Criticism to Zaydis”, Yahya bin Abû Al-Hayr Al-Imrâni who lived in 6./ .12. Century, the issues he criticized the Zaydis in the context of his work al-Intisar fi reddi ale’l-Mutezileti’l-Kaderiyyeti’l-eşrar are examined in general.Our thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction, we gave information about the main subject, importance, scope, aim, method and the main sources utilized. In the first chapter, the socio-political, religious-sectarian environment in which Imrâni lived, his life, education and teachers, students and works were discussed. Local states in Yemen and their relations with each other are included in the context of the political environment in the period in which Imrâni lived, and in the context of the sectarian environment, the fiqh and theological sects in this period, the situation within them and their relations with each other are discussed in general. Then, we tried to give detailed information about the work of al-Intisar fi reddi ale’l-Mutezileti’l-Kaderiyyeti’l-eşrar. Afterwards, we tried to present the main theological ideas/ beliefs adopted by Imrâni and the Ahl al-Hadith-Hanbali sect of which he was a member, from the author’s own work, and to explain the main evidences/ information sources they refer to in solving the issues that arise on these issues. In this way, we think that the reader will be able to evaluate Imrâni’s criticisms described in the second chapter more soundly.In the second chapter, which is the main subject of our research, the main issues that Imrâni criticized the Zaydis in the context of his work al-Intisar and how he justified them were examined. However, Imrâni in his book the expressions and ideas that he attributed to his opponent kâdî Ca’fer b. Abdissalam were also checked from his work ed-Dâmiğ to the extent of possibility, and it was tried to determine whether there was any difference. Here, the names of Hashawiyya, Kadariyya, which the two sides used to insult each other, to know Allah, the attributes of Allah, better, advantage, justice, acts of Allah and human beings, the will of Allah, his guidance and deception, finaly decision, kadar, Isra, Mi’raj, torment in the grave, jinns, demon, antichrist/ dajjal, imamate and caliphate and mutual criticism on these issues are included. In the conclusion part, a summary and evaluation was made within the framework of the findings obtained.
ABSTRACTYAHYA B. ABÛ AL-HAYR AL-IMRANI’SCRITICISM TO ZAYDISIn this thesis titled “Yahya bin Abû Al-Hayr Al-Imrâni’s Criticism to Zaydis”, Yahya bin Abû Al-Hayr Al-Imrâni who lived in 6./ .12. Century, the issues he criticized the Zaydis in the context of his work al-Intisar fi reddi ale’l-Mutezileti’l-Kaderiyyeti’l-eşrar are examined in general.Our thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction, we gave information about the main subject, importance, scope, aim, method and the main sources utilized. In the first chapter, the socio-political, religious-sectarian environment in which Imrâni lived, his life, education and teachers, students and works were discussed. Local states in Yemen and their relations with each other are included in the context of the political environment in the period in which Imrâni lived, and in the context of the sectarian environment, the fiqh and theological sects in this period, the situation within them and their relations with each other are discussed in general. Then, we tried to give detailed information about the work of al-Intisar fi reddi ale’l-Mutezileti’l-Kaderiyyeti’l-eşrar. Afterwards, we tried to present the main theological ideas/ beliefs adopted by Imrâni and the Ahl al-Hadith-Hanbali sect of which he was a member, from the author’s own work, and to explain the main evidences/ information sources they refer to in solving the issues that arise on these issues. In this way, we think that the reader will be able to evaluate Imrâni’s criticisms described in the second chapter more soundly.In the second chapter, which is the main subject of our research, the main issues that Imrâni criticized the Zaydis in the context of his work al-Intisar and how he justified them were examined. However, Imrâni in his book the expressions and ideas that he attributed to his opponent kâdî Ca’fer b. Abdissalam were also checked from his work ed-Dâmiğ to the extent of possibility, and it was tried to determine whether there was any difference. Here, the names of Hashawiyya, Kadariyya, which the two sides used to insult each other, to know Allah, the attributes of Allah, better, advantage, justice, acts of Allah and human beings, the will of Allah, his guidance and deception, finaly decision, kadar, Isra, Mi’raj, torment in the grave, jinns, demon, antichrist/ dajjal, imamate and caliphate and mutual criticism on these issues are included. In the conclusion part, a summary and evaluation was made within the framework of the findings obtained.