Publication: Sporcuların algılanan yeterlik ve hedef yönelimlerinin içsel konuşma ve imgeleme biçimlerini belirlemedeki rolü
Abstract
AmaçÇalışmanın amacı 18-30 yaş arası sporcuların hedef yönelimi ve sportif yeterlilik algılarının, psikolojik becerilerden içsel konuşma ve imgeleme biçimlerini belirleyip belirlemediğini test etmek ve sporcuların içsel konuşma ve imgeleme biçimlerininin cinsiyet, spor türü ve spor deneyimine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemektir.Gereç ve YöntemÇalışmaya 18-30 yaş arası 101 kadın (X̄yaş= 21.08±2.81) ve 245 erkek sporcu (X̄yaş=20.61±2.87) katılmıştır. Katılımcılara Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile birlikte “Kendini Fiziksel Tanımlama Envanteri’nin Sportif Yeterlik Alt Ölçeği”, “Sporda Görev ve Ego Yönelim Ölçeği”, “Kendinle Konuşma Anketi”, ve “Sporda İmgeleme Anketi” uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde çoklu hiyerarşik regresyon analizi ve bağımsız örneklemlerde t-testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular ve SonuçlarAnaliz sonuçlarına göre, algılanan sportif yeterlik imgelemenin tüm alt boyutlarının pozitif ve anlamlı belirleyicisi iken (p<0,05), içsel konuşmanın anlamlı belirleyicisi (p>0,05) değildir. Başarı hedefleri ise hem içsel konuşma hem de imgeleme biçimlerinin anlamlı belirleyicisidir (p<0,05). Başarı hedeflerinden görev yönelimi ile motivasyonel genel uyarılmış imgeleme biçimi hariç diğer tüm imgeleme biçimleri arasında pozitif anlamlı ilişki bulunurken, ego yönelimi ile motivasyonel özel imgeleme ve motivasyonel genel uyarılmışlık imgeleme biçimleri arasında pozitif anlamlı ilişki vardır. Öte yandan, ego yönelimi ile içsel konuşma biçimleri arasında anlamlı ilişki yokken (p > 0.05), görev yönelimi ile motivasyonel içsel konuşma arasında pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur (p< 0.05). T-testi analiz sonuçlarına göre, sporcuların içsel konuşma biçimlerinde spor deneyimine göre anlamlı fark varken, cinsiyet ve spor türüne göre anlamlı fark yoktur (p>0,05). Bunun yanısıra, sporcuların imgeleme biçimlerinde cinsiyet, spor türü ve spor deneyimine göre anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05).Çalışma bulguları, bireylerin sportif yeterliliklerini nasıl algıladıkları ve başarıyı nasıl tanımladıklarının sporcuların psikolojik beceri kullanım biçimlerini belirlemede etken olduğunu göstermiştir.
PurposeThe aim of this study was to test whether the goal orientations and perceived athletic competency determine the types of imagery and self-talk that were used by 18-30 aged athletes. The study was also aimed to examine sex, sport type and sport experience differences in type of imagery and self talk.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and one female (Mage= 21.08 ± 2.81) and 245 male (Mage=20.61 ±2.87) athletes participated in the study. Personal Information Form, The Athletic Competence subscale of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, Self-Talk Questionnaire, and Sports Imagery Questionnaire were administered to participants. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. Findings and Conclusions Analysis indicated that perceived athletic competence was a significant and positive predictor of all sub-dimensions of imagery (p<0,05); but it was not significant predictor of types self-talk (p>0,05). Goal orientations were significant predictor of both self-talk and the imagery types (p<0,05). A significant positive relationship was found between task-orientation and all sub-dimensions of imagery, except motivational general arousal imagery. Ego-orientation was positively correlated with motivational specific imagery and motivational general arousal imagery. However, ego-orientation was not significantly correlated with self-talk, while task orientation was positively and significantly correlated with motivational self-talk. T-test analysis indicated significant difference in self talk with regard to sports experiences, but not for sex and type of sports (p> 0,05). There was no significant difference in subscales of imagery with regard to sex, type of sport and sport experience (p>0,05).In conclusion, the perception of athletic abilities and definition of sport success may affect the psychological skills that are used by athletes.
PurposeThe aim of this study was to test whether the goal orientations and perceived athletic competency determine the types of imagery and self-talk that were used by 18-30 aged athletes. The study was also aimed to examine sex, sport type and sport experience differences in type of imagery and self talk.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and one female (Mage= 21.08 ± 2.81) and 245 male (Mage=20.61 ±2.87) athletes participated in the study. Personal Information Form, The Athletic Competence subscale of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, Self-Talk Questionnaire, and Sports Imagery Questionnaire were administered to participants. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. Findings and Conclusions Analysis indicated that perceived athletic competence was a significant and positive predictor of all sub-dimensions of imagery (p<0,05); but it was not significant predictor of types self-talk (p>0,05). Goal orientations were significant predictor of both self-talk and the imagery types (p<0,05). A significant positive relationship was found between task-orientation and all sub-dimensions of imagery, except motivational general arousal imagery. Ego-orientation was positively correlated with motivational specific imagery and motivational general arousal imagery. However, ego-orientation was not significantly correlated with self-talk, while task orientation was positively and significantly correlated with motivational self-talk. T-test analysis indicated significant difference in self talk with regard to sports experiences, but not for sex and type of sports (p> 0,05). There was no significant difference in subscales of imagery with regard to sex, type of sport and sport experience (p>0,05).In conclusion, the perception of athletic abilities and definition of sport success may affect the psychological skills that are used by athletes.