Publication: Ehl-i sünnet ve mu'tezile'nin adalet prensibine yaklaşımları
Abstract
tezile, Ehl-i Sünnet, Allah’ın ve insanın fiilleri, adalet, ilâhî adalet ÖZET EHL-İ SÜNNET VE MU’TEZİLE’NİN ADALET PRENSİBİNE YAKLASIMLARI Bütün Müslümanlar Allah’ın adaleti konusunda görüs birliği içinde olmuslardır. Fakat Mu’tezile ilâhî adalet konusunu Ehl-i Sünnet’ten farklı sekilde yorumlamıstır. Bu yüzden, Allah’ın ve insanın fiilleri konusu İslâm’ın ilk dönemlerinden itibaren Müslümanlar tarafından tartısılan en önemli konulardan biri olmustur. İnsanın fiillerini kim meydana getirir? Allah mı? İnsan mı? Müslümanlar İslâm tarihi boyunca bu probleme çözüm bulmaya çalıstılar. Ehl-i Sünnet’e göre adalet Allah’ın fiillerinin âdil olmasıdır. Ehl-i Sünnet’e göre insan fiillerini kendisi yaratamaz. İnsanın fiilleri, Allah tarafından yaratılır. Allah dilediği her seyi yapar. Mülkünde tek hâkim O’dur. Hayır (iyilik) Allah’ın emri ve ser (kötülük) Allah’ın yasakladığı seydir. Mu’tezile’nin bes temel prensibinden biri adalettir. Onların bu prensibine göre insan hürdür ve kendi fiillerini kendisi yapar. Allah insanlara bir eylemi yapıp yapmama gücü vermistir. Eğer insan herhangi bir seyi yapıp yapmak hürriyetine sahip değilse, o insanın islediği iyi veya kötü fiillerinden dolayı mükâfat veya ceza görmesi anlamsız olur. Eğer Allah insanları belirli fiilleri yapmaya zorlamıs olsaydı o zaman Allah’ın o fiillerinden dolayı insanları cezalandırması zulüm olurdu. Hâlbuki Allah âdildir, kulların fiillerine müdahale etmez ve hiçbir sekilde kullarına zulmetmez. Mutazilah, Ahl as-Sunnah, Human being’s acts, Allah’s acts, justice, divine justice
THE PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE IN THE AHL AS-SUNNAH AND MU’TAZILAH All the Muslims have agreed on the subject of justice of Allah. But Mu’tazilah had interpreted differently from Ahl as-Sunnah the subject of divine justice. Therefore the subjects of Allah’s acts and human being’s acts have been one of the most important issues that are often debated by Muslims since the beginning of Islam. Who formed human being’s acts? Is it God? Is it the human being? The Muslims have tried to sort out this problem during the Islamic History. According to Ahl as-Sunnah human being can not create their acts themselves. Human being’s acts are created by Allah. According to Ahl as-Sunnah the justice is being fair of Allah’s acts which means Allah makes everything with his will and has absolute authority above all of his sovereignty and possessions. Goodness is Allah’s order and evil action is prohibited by Allah. One of the fundamental principles of Mu’tazilah is justice. According to this prenciple human being is responsible for their acts. People have free will and they make their own acts by their free will. Allah gave the power of doing or not doing something to do human. If human being have not had free will for acting, the punishment of bad acts or award of good acts would be meaningless. If Allah had forced human being to do definite acts and punish human for doing these acts, then it would be cruelty to human being. Mu’tazilah says human being will be responsible in the judgment day for their acts that they have performed in the world. However, Allah is fair and Allah does not intervene in human being acts.
THE PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE IN THE AHL AS-SUNNAH AND MU’TAZILAH All the Muslims have agreed on the subject of justice of Allah. But Mu’tazilah had interpreted differently from Ahl as-Sunnah the subject of divine justice. Therefore the subjects of Allah’s acts and human being’s acts have been one of the most important issues that are often debated by Muslims since the beginning of Islam. Who formed human being’s acts? Is it God? Is it the human being? The Muslims have tried to sort out this problem during the Islamic History. According to Ahl as-Sunnah human being can not create their acts themselves. Human being’s acts are created by Allah. According to Ahl as-Sunnah the justice is being fair of Allah’s acts which means Allah makes everything with his will and has absolute authority above all of his sovereignty and possessions. Goodness is Allah’s order and evil action is prohibited by Allah. One of the fundamental principles of Mu’tazilah is justice. According to this prenciple human being is responsible for their acts. People have free will and they make their own acts by their free will. Allah gave the power of doing or not doing something to do human. If human being have not had free will for acting, the punishment of bad acts or award of good acts would be meaningless. If Allah had forced human being to do definite acts and punish human for doing these acts, then it would be cruelty to human being. Mu’tazilah says human being will be responsible in the judgment day for their acts that they have performed in the world. However, Allah is fair and Allah does not intervene in human being acts.