Publication: Kalite fonksiyonu yayılımı yöntemi ile ders müfredatının yeniden tasarımı
Abstract
KALİTE FONKSİYONU YAYILIMI YÖNTEMİ İLE DERS MÜFREDATININ YENİDEN TASARIMI Bilgi yoğun sanayilerin gelişimi, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki iyi yetişmiş işgücünün önemini küresel bazda artırmaktadır. Gelişmiş birçok ülke, endüstrisinin talepleri doğrultusunda yüksek öğretime yön vermek suretiyle, hem öğrencilerin mezuniyet sonrası iş bulma olanaklarını arttırarak hem de endüstrinin ihtiyaç duyduğu alanlarda öğrenci mezun ederek, nitelikli işgücü ihtiyacını karşılamaktadır. Yükseköğretim kurumlarının çıktılarını kullanan ve onlara girdiler sağlayan çevresel sistemler, eğitim kurumlarını yenilemeye zorlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, yükseköğretim hizmetlerinin sunumunda, paydaşların istek ve beklentilerinin tatminini hedef alan bir yönetim anlayışının benimsenmesi, bu hizmetlerin verimi üzerinde önemli rol oynayacaktır. Müşteri odaklı yaklaşımı yüksek öğretime adapte ederken, Kalite Fonksiyonu Yayılımı süreç ve tasarım geliştirmeye uygulanabilecek toplam kalite tekniklerinden bir tanesidir. Kalite Fonksiyonu Yayılımı’nın ana girdisi; müşteri istek ve beklentileridir. Kalite Fonksiyonu Yayılımı uygulamalarının en önemli aşaması olan müşteri istek ve beklentilerinin önceliklendirilmesi, genel olarak çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden biri olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ile yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Marmara Üniversitesindeki Tasarım ve Konstrüksiyon Eğitimi Programının, eğitim kalitesinin iyileştirilmesinde Kalite Fonksiyonu Yayılımı yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Tasarım ve Konstrüksiyon Eğitimi Programında paydaşlar; programın öğretim üyeleri ve mezunlarının ağırlıklı olarak istihdam edildiği sanayi kollarından bir tanesi olan, makine imalatı ve/ veya yedek parça üretiminde faaliyet gösteren işletmeler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu işletmelerin ihtiyaç duyduğu nitelikte mezunların yetiştirilebilmesi için, Tasarım ve Konstrüksiyon Eğitimi retim üyelerinin ve belirtilen alanda faaliyet gösteren firmaların istek ve beklentileri, anket yoluyla belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi metodu ile önceliklendirilmiş, kalite evi inşa edilmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlara göre ilgili programın ders müfredatının yeniden tasarımına yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
REDESIGN CURRICULUM WITH QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT METHODOLOGY Development of knowledge-intensive industries increases globally the importance of well-trained manpower, particularly in the developing countries. Many developed countries meet the requirement of qualified manpower in line with the demands of their industries, both enhancing the students’ possibility of finding a job after their graduation, and graduating students in the fields needed by the industry, by steering the higher education. The environmental systems using the outputs of the higher education institutions and providing them with inputs urge the education institutions to be renewed. In this context, for providing higher education services, adopting a management understanding aiming the satisfaction of the requests and expectations of stakeholders will play an important role in the efficiency of this service. Quality Function Deployment is one of the total quality management techniques that can be used for developing process and design when adapting the customer focused approach to higher education. The main input of Quality Function Deployment is the requests and expectations of customers. Generally, prioritizing the requests and expectations of customers, which is the most important stage of the Quality Function Deployment applications, is made with Analytic Hierarchy Process, one of the multi-criteria decision making techniques. In this study, Quality Function Deployment was used for enhancing the education quality of the Design & Construction Education Program in Marmara University. In this study, the stakeholders were defined as the enterprises active in the field of machine production and/ or spare part production, and the academicians of the graduate program. In order to better educate the graduates having the quality need by these enterprises, the requests and expectations of the academicians of the Design & Construction Education Program and firms active in the field were determined with questionnaire. The data collected was prioritized by the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process; a quality house was constructed; and suggestions intended for redesign of the curriculum of the related program were offered in accordance with the obtained results.
REDESIGN CURRICULUM WITH QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT METHODOLOGY Development of knowledge-intensive industries increases globally the importance of well-trained manpower, particularly in the developing countries. Many developed countries meet the requirement of qualified manpower in line with the demands of their industries, both enhancing the students’ possibility of finding a job after their graduation, and graduating students in the fields needed by the industry, by steering the higher education. The environmental systems using the outputs of the higher education institutions and providing them with inputs urge the education institutions to be renewed. In this context, for providing higher education services, adopting a management understanding aiming the satisfaction of the requests and expectations of stakeholders will play an important role in the efficiency of this service. Quality Function Deployment is one of the total quality management techniques that can be used for developing process and design when adapting the customer focused approach to higher education. The main input of Quality Function Deployment is the requests and expectations of customers. Generally, prioritizing the requests and expectations of customers, which is the most important stage of the Quality Function Deployment applications, is made with Analytic Hierarchy Process, one of the multi-criteria decision making techniques. In this study, Quality Function Deployment was used for enhancing the education quality of the Design & Construction Education Program in Marmara University. In this study, the stakeholders were defined as the enterprises active in the field of machine production and/ or spare part production, and the academicians of the graduate program. In order to better educate the graduates having the quality need by these enterprises, the requests and expectations of the academicians of the Design & Construction Education Program and firms active in the field were determined with questionnaire. The data collected was prioritized by the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process; a quality house was constructed; and suggestions intended for redesign of the curriculum of the related program were offered in accordance with the obtained results.