Publication: Kestelî ve Hâşiye ‘ale’l-mukaddimâti’l-erba‘ isimli eseri: tahkîk ve tahlîl
Abstract
KESTELÎ VE HÂŞİYE ‘ALE’L-MUKADDİMÂTİ’L-ERBA‘ İSİMLİ ESERİ: TAHKÎK VE TAHLÎLAllah, insan ve evren ilişkisinin temellendirildiği hüsün ve kubuh meselesi, aklın ilâhî bildiriyi ne derece idrak edebileceği açısından kelâm ilminin alanına girmektedir. Hüsün ve kubuh bu yönüyle kulların fiilleri, irade, nübüvvet, kaza ve kader gibi birçok kelâmî bahiste doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak incelenmiştir. İnsan fiillerindeki ahlâkî değerlerin belirleyici faktörünün ne olduğu hususu, konuya dair yaklaşımlarda ayrışma noktası olmuştur. Kelâmcıların benimsedikleri mezhep anlayışları, meseleyi ele alış tarzlarını etkilemiştir. Hüsün ve kubhun özgün bir şekilde tartışıldığı yerlerden biri, Sadruşşerîa’nın Tavzîh adlı eserinde yer alan Mukaddimât-ı Erba‘ metnidir. Söz konusu metinde, hüsün ve kubhun fiillerdeki mevcudiyeti üzerinden temelde kulların irade hürriyeti konusu ele alınmıştır. Tavzîh’in en meşhur haşiyelerinden Teftâzânî’nin Telvîh adlı eseri, literatürde önemli bir yeri haizdir. Bu çalışmada, Telvîh üzerine Kestelî’nin telif ettiği Mukaddimât-ı Erba‘ Hâşiyesi’nin tahkik ve değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.
KASTALĪ AND HIS HĀSHIYAH ʿALĀ AL-MUQADDIMĀT AL-ARBAʿ: A CRITICAL EDITION AND STUDYThe issue of husn and qubh, on which the relationship between God, man and the universe is based, falls within the field of theology in terms of the extent which the mind can comprehend the divine message. Husn and qubh are examined directly or indirectly in many theological topics such as the acts of the servants, will, prophethood, decree and predestination. The determining factor for the moral values of human acts has been the starting point of difference of opinion on the approaches on the subject. The sects adopted by the theologians influenced their way of handling this issue. One of the sources in which husn and qubh are originally discussed is the text of Muqaddimāt al-Arbaʿ in Sadr al-Sharīa's Tawzīh. In this text, the freedom of the will of the servants is mainly dealt with through the existence of husn and qubh in their acts. Taftāzānī's Talwīh, one of Tawzīh's most famous commentaries (hāshiyah), is of great importance in the literature. In this study, an analysis and evaluation of Hāshiyah ʿalā al-Muqaddimāt al-Arbaʿ by Kastalī on Talwîh is presented.
KASTALĪ AND HIS HĀSHIYAH ʿALĀ AL-MUQADDIMĀT AL-ARBAʿ: A CRITICAL EDITION AND STUDYThe issue of husn and qubh, on which the relationship between God, man and the universe is based, falls within the field of theology in terms of the extent which the mind can comprehend the divine message. Husn and qubh are examined directly or indirectly in many theological topics such as the acts of the servants, will, prophethood, decree and predestination. The determining factor for the moral values of human acts has been the starting point of difference of opinion on the approaches on the subject. The sects adopted by the theologians influenced their way of handling this issue. One of the sources in which husn and qubh are originally discussed is the text of Muqaddimāt al-Arbaʿ in Sadr al-Sharīa's Tawzīh. In this text, the freedom of the will of the servants is mainly dealt with through the existence of husn and qubh in their acts. Taftāzānī's Talwīh, one of Tawzīh's most famous commentaries (hāshiyah), is of great importance in the literature. In this study, an analysis and evaluation of Hāshiyah ʿalā al-Muqaddimāt al-Arbaʿ by Kastalī on Talwîh is presented.