Publication: Kırgız eğitim sisteminin tarihsel gelişimi (1917-1997)
Abstract
Araştırma, Kırgız Eğitim Sisteminin 1917-1997 yıllar arasındaki tarihsel gelişimini kapsamaktadır. Tez, girişle birlikte altı bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında çalışmanın konusu, amacı, önemi, yöntemleri ve sınırları belirlenmiştir. Birinci bölümde, eğitim sisteminin gelişmesini belirleyen faktörler incelenmektedir. İkinci bölümde, Sovyetler Birliği döneminde toplumun sosyal ve ekonomi gelişimi ve eğitime etkisi kaleme alınmaktadır. Eğitimde siyasal faktörler ve Marksizm-Leninizm ilkelerinin, Sovyet Halkı düşüncesinin kalıplandırılması gösterilmiştir. Eğitime etkileyen doğal, demografik, dil, din, sosyal, teknolojik, ekonomik etkenler tarif edilmiştir. Ücüncü bölümde, eğitim sisteminin genel sorunları; okul yılları, öğrenim süresi, tatiller, sınavlar, bitirme imtihanları, ders süresi, tam günlü, yatılı, paralı okullar, öğretmenin ders yükümlülüğü, finansman ve yönetim izah edilmektedir. Dördüncü bölümde, Kırgızistan genel eğitimi geniş ölçüde ele alınmaktadır. Okul öncesi eğitimin oluşumu ve gelişimi, genel öğretime geçiş süresi tarihi, köy ve dağlı otlak okulların özellikleri, iki, üç, dört dilde eğitim veren okullar, yetişkinler eğitimi, kadınların eğitim sorunları, mesleki eğitim, yüksek öğretim, yaygın eğitim, öğretmen yetiştirme gibi konular incelenmektedir. Beşinci bölümde, Kırgızistan'da Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılmasından sonra eğitimdeki gelişmeler anlatılmaktadır. Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılması ve yeni bağımsız Kırgızistan Cumhuriyeti kuruluş tarihi, ülkedeki okul öncesi eğitim, ilk, orta, lise eğitime özellikleri, mesleki, yaygın, yüksek öğretim, öğretmen yetiştirmedeki gelişmeler, Kırgızistan'daki yabancı eğitim kurumların faaliyetleri ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca, Sovyetler Birliği zamanında unutulan ve ülke bağimsızlığını kazandıktan sonra tüm yaşamı, faaliyetleri öğrenilmeye başlayan ünlü Kırgız bilgin ve eğitimcileri söz konusudur. Altıncı bölümde, araştırmanın özeti, sonucu ve değerlendirilmeleri yer almaktadır.
The doctorate thesis covers a historical development of Kirghiz Educational System between 1917and 1997 years. The thesis consists of six chapters. A topic, goal, importance, methods and limitations of present work are described in introduction. Factors, that determine development of Educational System, are investigated in first chapter. Affect of community upon social and economical development as well as education during Soviet Union period is drawn up in second chapter. Political factors, Marxism-Leninism ideas and thinking of soviet people relating to education are shown their's formation. Factors in connection with nature, demography, language, religion, social life, technology and economy that affect upon education are outlined. General problems of education system, covering duration of school teaching, vocation, exams, final examinations, lessons' duration, full-time school, boarding-school, private school, academic hours of teachers, finance and managment are explained in third chapter. General Education of Republic Kirghizstan is widely outlined in fourth chapter. Formation and development of childhood education, history of transition to general education, characteristics of school located into village and mountainous region, school theaching in two-, three- and four languages, adult's education, education problems of women, professional education, higher education, extended education, educating of teachers are also investigated in this work. Education development in Kirghizstan after Soviet Union collapsed takes place in fifth chapter. Collapsing of Soviet Union, foundation history of new Independent Republic of Kirghizstan, childhood education in the country, characteristics of primery, secondary school and lycee, professional, extanded and higher education, development in preporation of teachers, activities of foreign educating organazation in the country are discussed in present work. Nowadays, life and educational work, that belonged to famous kirghiz scientists and teachers and were forgotten during Soviet Union period, are being started to be studied. Summary of the study, results and assessments take place in sixth chapter.
The doctorate thesis covers a historical development of Kirghiz Educational System between 1917and 1997 years. The thesis consists of six chapters. A topic, goal, importance, methods and limitations of present work are described in introduction. Factors, that determine development of Educational System, are investigated in first chapter. Affect of community upon social and economical development as well as education during Soviet Union period is drawn up in second chapter. Political factors, Marxism-Leninism ideas and thinking of soviet people relating to education are shown their's formation. Factors in connection with nature, demography, language, religion, social life, technology and economy that affect upon education are outlined. General problems of education system, covering duration of school teaching, vocation, exams, final examinations, lessons' duration, full-time school, boarding-school, private school, academic hours of teachers, finance and managment are explained in third chapter. General Education of Republic Kirghizstan is widely outlined in fourth chapter. Formation and development of childhood education, history of transition to general education, characteristics of school located into village and mountainous region, school theaching in two-, three- and four languages, adult's education, education problems of women, professional education, higher education, extended education, educating of teachers are also investigated in this work. Education development in Kirghizstan after Soviet Union collapsed takes place in fifth chapter. Collapsing of Soviet Union, foundation history of new Independent Republic of Kirghizstan, childhood education in the country, characteristics of primery, secondary school and lycee, professional, extanded and higher education, development in preporation of teachers, activities of foreign educating organazation in the country are discussed in present work. Nowadays, life and educational work, that belonged to famous kirghiz scientists and teachers and were forgotten during Soviet Union period, are being started to be studied. Summary of the study, results and assessments take place in sixth chapter.