Publication: 1873-1875 Orta Anadolu kıtlığı
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, 1873-75 Orta Anadolu Kıtlığı incelenmiştir. Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi’ndeki belgeler, ABCFM misyoner evrakı ve devrin süreli yayınları taranmış, ikinci kaynaklar da göz önünde bulundurularak; kıtlığın sosyal, idarî ve iktisadî boyutları analiz edilmiştir. Kıtlığın sonuçları, kıtlığa karşı alınan tedbirler ve afetzedeler için düzenlenen yardım kampanyaları da ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca, aynı yıllarda Hindistan’da cereyan eden Bengal Kıtlığı süreci de anlatılarak, iki doğal afet arasında karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde ise tarihsel süreç içerisinde kıtlık ve afet mefhumlarının dönüşümlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları göstermektedir ki kuraklık ve sert kış koşullarının neden olduğu 1873-75 Kıtlığı, Osmanlı Devleti’nin alt yapısal, idarî, sosyal ve malî zafiyeti sebebiyle şiddetlenerek kitlesel ölümlere ve büyük maddî kayıplara yol açmıştır. Konuyla ilgili önemli bazı istatistikî veriler, düzenlenen tablolar aracılığıyla sunulmuş ve devrin halk şairlerinin afeti anlattıkları destanlar ekte verilmiştir. Kıtlık, Orta Anadolu, Sosyal Tepki, Yardımlaşma, Misyonerlik, Sultan Abdülaziz, Doğal Afet, Ankara, Konya, Kastamonu, Bursa, Çankırı, Eskişehir, Kırşehir, Nevşehir, Niğde, Amasya, Afyon, Kayseri, Yozgat, Bengal, Bihar, Sir Richard Temple, Destan
In this study Central Anatolian Famine of 1873-75 is examined. Social, administrative and economic dimensions of the famine are analyzed through the survey of documents in Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, ABCFM Missionary Papers, Periodicals of the date and secondary sources. Consequences of the famine, measures against it and aid campaigns for victims are also narrated. Besides, the course of contemporary Bengal Famine which occured in India is also described and comparisons between the two natural disasters are made. In the conclusion, historical change of famine and disaster concepts is mentioned. The study reveals that because of substructural, administrative, social and fiscal infirmities of Ottoman Empire; 1873-75 Famine, which is caused by drought and severe winter conditions, is exacerbated and leads to innumerable deaths and huge physical damage. Some essential statistical datas about the thesis are presented through prepared tables and epics on the famine that are narrated by the mintrels of the era, are exhibited in the appendix. Key Words: Famine, Central Anatolia, Social Response, Philanthrophy, Missionary, Abdulaziz, Natural Disaster, Ankara, Konya, Kastamonu, Bursa, Çankırı, Eskişehir, Kırşehir, Nevşehir, Niğde, Amasya, Afyon, Kayseri, Yozgat, Bengal, Bihar, Sir Richard Temple, Epic
In this study Central Anatolian Famine of 1873-75 is examined. Social, administrative and economic dimensions of the famine are analyzed through the survey of documents in Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, ABCFM Missionary Papers, Periodicals of the date and secondary sources. Consequences of the famine, measures against it and aid campaigns for victims are also narrated. Besides, the course of contemporary Bengal Famine which occured in India is also described and comparisons between the two natural disasters are made. In the conclusion, historical change of famine and disaster concepts is mentioned. The study reveals that because of substructural, administrative, social and fiscal infirmities of Ottoman Empire; 1873-75 Famine, which is caused by drought and severe winter conditions, is exacerbated and leads to innumerable deaths and huge physical damage. Some essential statistical datas about the thesis are presented through prepared tables and epics on the famine that are narrated by the mintrels of the era, are exhibited in the appendix. Key Words: Famine, Central Anatolia, Social Response, Philanthrophy, Missionary, Abdulaziz, Natural Disaster, Ankara, Konya, Kastamonu, Bursa, Çankırı, Eskişehir, Kırşehir, Nevşehir, Niğde, Amasya, Afyon, Kayseri, Yozgat, Bengal, Bihar, Sir Richard Temple, Epic