Publication: Hükûmete karşı suç (TCK m.312)
Abstract
Hükûmete karşı suç, milli irade ve demokrasinin tezahürü olan hükûmete karşı gerçekleştirilebilecek darbe ve müdahaleleri yaptırıma tabi tutan bir suç tipidir. Ülkemizde hükûmet, cumhurbaşkanının devlet başkanlığını demokratik seçimlerle kazanması suretiyle ortaya çıkmaktadır. İktidara aday olanlar, vaat ve yaklaşımlarını seçim sürecinde deklare etmekte ve seçilerek iktidara geldikleri takdirde bu vaatleri uygulamaya koymaktadır. İktidarda bulundukları süreçte hür iradeyle hükûmet etmeleri ve görev değişiminde de demokratik usullere riayet edilmesi, bütün dünyada kabul edilmiş olan evrensel bir prensiptir. Bu durum iktidarda bulunan kişilerin eylemlerinin eleştiri konusu edilmeyeceği anlamına da gelmemektedir. Suç tipinin cebir ve şiddet kullanılarak işlenebilen bağlı hareketli bir suç olması dolayısıyla hükûmeti ve politikalarını eleştiren veya protesto eden hiçbir eylem cebir ve şiddet içermediği sürece bu suç kapsamında değerlendirilemez. Ülkemizde 2017 yılında yapılan Anayasa referandumu ile hükûmet sisteminin tamamen değişmiş olması, suçun konusunu ve dolayısıyla suç teorisi bakımından yapacağımız incelemeyi etkilemektedir. İnceleme konusu fiillerin terör suçu olma niteliği de soruşturma, kovuşturma ve suçluların iadesi açısından dikkate alınması gereken bir husus olarak tezimizde göz önünde bulundurulmuştur.
Crime against the government is a type of crime that sanctions the coups and interventions that can be carried out against the government, which is the manifestation of national will and democracy. In our country, the government is established by the presidential candidate winning the presidency through democratic elections. Candidates for power, declare their promises and approaches during the election process and put these promises into practice if they come to power by being elected. It is a universal principle accepted all over the world that they rule with their free will during their time in power and observe democratic procedures in their change of office. This does not mean that the actions of those in power cannot be criticized. Since the crime type is a connected crime that can be committed using force and violence, any action that criticizes or protests the government and its policies, cannot be considered as a crime unless it involves force and violence.The Constitutional referendum made apart from 2017 in our country affects the subject of the crime and therefore our investigation in terms of crime theory. The nature of the crime being a terror-crime, has also been considered in our thesis as an issue that should be taken into consideration regarding investigation, prosecution and extradition.
Crime against the government is a type of crime that sanctions the coups and interventions that can be carried out against the government, which is the manifestation of national will and democracy. In our country, the government is established by the presidential candidate winning the presidency through democratic elections. Candidates for power, declare their promises and approaches during the election process and put these promises into practice if they come to power by being elected. It is a universal principle accepted all over the world that they rule with their free will during their time in power and observe democratic procedures in their change of office. This does not mean that the actions of those in power cannot be criticized. Since the crime type is a connected crime that can be committed using force and violence, any action that criticizes or protests the government and its policies, cannot be considered as a crime unless it involves force and violence.The Constitutional referendum made apart from 2017 in our country affects the subject of the crime and therefore our investigation in terms of crime theory. The nature of the crime being a terror-crime, has also been considered in our thesis as an issue that should be taken into consideration regarding investigation, prosecution and extradition.
Description
Keywords
askeri darbe, Coups d'état, Democracy, Demokrasi, demokrasinin ceza hukuku yoluyla korunması military coup, hükûmete müdahale, Hükümet darbesi, iktidara karşı şiddet, intervention against government, Kamu hukuku, milli irade, national will, protection of democracy through criminal law, Public law, seçilmiş cumhurbaşkanına karşı şiddet, Turkey, Türkiye, violence against the elected president, violence against the government
