Publication: Bilgi çağında küresel kentlere karşılaştırmalı bir bakış : Türkiye üzerine bir model önerisi
Abstract
Küresel kent kuramı etkisinde kentleri karşılaştırmak, son yıllarda önemli bir çalışma alanı olarak bilim dünyasında karşılık bulmaya başlamıştır. 21. yüzyılın ilk on yıllarında küresel kentler, küresel ölçekte veri üretmeye, diğer dünya kentleri ile kendilerini karşılaştırmaya ve ölçeklerini bu rekabette öne çıkabilmek için şekillendirmeye başlamıştır. Türkiye’de konuya ilişkin çalışmalar incelendiğinde ise literatürün, kentleri karşılaştıran çalışmaları teorik ve yorumlayan düzlemde ele aldığı, küresel rekabette etkili olma misyonunun yüklendiği metropoliten alanların ölçeğine ilişkin tartışmaların ise reaktif ve yerel perspektiften ele aldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kent çalışmalarında bilgi çağı etkisindeki güncel eğilimleri dikkate alarak Türkiye kentlerini küresel ölçekte karşılaştırmaya imkân veren ve rekabet gücünü arttırmaya yönelik bir model önerisi geliştirmektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi, içerik analizi ve gömülü teori yöntemine başvurulan bu çalışmada, küresel ölçekte kentleri karşılaştıran çalışmaların geliştirilme motivasyonları, teması, göstergeleri, veri kaynakları kent ve kurum odaklı incelenmiş, küresel kentlerin ve Türkiye kentlerinin sıralamalardaki yeri ve temsili derinlemesine analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, kentlerin karşılaştırılabilir kentsel veri üretim politikaları ile küresel niteliği arasında bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koyarken, bilgi çağının bir ürünü olan postmodern kent yapısının rekabeti idari sınırları aşan bir ölçeğe uyarladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Türkiye’nin mevcut durumda metropoliten alanlarının bilgi çağının dinamiklerini yakalayan, nüfus ve idari sınırlar yerine mekânın fonksiyonel yönlerini referans alan, hâkim paradigma ve temel odağı kentsel rekabet olan yeniden ölçeklenme ve yeniden bölgeselleşme vizyonuyla küresel rekabette güçlü kılacak hizmet üreten, üretilen hizmete yönelik bütüncül devlet anlayışını benimseyerek kentsel ölçekli veri üretebilen ve bu verileri küresel kentlerle karşılaştırabilen yeni ve özgün bir yönetim anlayışına ve yapısına ihtiyacı olduğu tespitine ulaşılmıştır.
Benchmarking cities in the light of global city theory have begun to be recognized as an important field of study in the scientific world in recent years. In the first decades of the 21st century, global cities have started to produce data on a global scale, benchmark with other world cities and shape their scales in a way to stand out in this competition. When it comes to Türkiye, it is observed that the literature addresses the issue from a theoretical and interpretive perspective and the debates on the scale of metropolitan areas, which are charged with the mission of being effective in global competition, are discussed from a reactive and local perspective. The aim of this study is to develop a model proposal that takes into account current approaches in urban studies under the influence of the information age, allows for a global comparison of Turkish cities and aims to increase the competitiveness of metropolitan areas on a global scale. Using qualitative research methods such as document analysis, content analysis and grounded theory, the motivations, themes, indicators and data sources of studies comparing cities on a global scale were examined with a focus on cities and institutions, and the place and representation of global cities and Turkish cities in the rankings were analyzed in depth. While the findings reveal that there is a relationship between the comparable urban data production policies of cities and their global character, it has been observed that the postmodern urban structure, which is a product of the information age, adapts competition to a scale that exceeds administrative boundaries. It has been determined that Türkiye's metropolitan areas need a new and unique management approach and structure that captures the dynamics of the information age, that takes the functional aspects of space as a reference instead of population and administrative boundaries, that produces services that will make them stronger in global competition with a vision of rescaling and re-regionalization whose dominant paradigm and main focus is urban competition, that can produce data at the urban scale by adopting a whole-of-government understanding for the services produced, and that can benchmark these data with global cities.
Benchmarking cities in the light of global city theory have begun to be recognized as an important field of study in the scientific world in recent years. In the first decades of the 21st century, global cities have started to produce data on a global scale, benchmark with other world cities and shape their scales in a way to stand out in this competition. When it comes to Türkiye, it is observed that the literature addresses the issue from a theoretical and interpretive perspective and the debates on the scale of metropolitan areas, which are charged with the mission of being effective in global competition, are discussed from a reactive and local perspective. The aim of this study is to develop a model proposal that takes into account current approaches in urban studies under the influence of the information age, allows for a global comparison of Turkish cities and aims to increase the competitiveness of metropolitan areas on a global scale. Using qualitative research methods such as document analysis, content analysis and grounded theory, the motivations, themes, indicators and data sources of studies comparing cities on a global scale were examined with a focus on cities and institutions, and the place and representation of global cities and Turkish cities in the rankings were analyzed in depth. While the findings reveal that there is a relationship between the comparable urban data production policies of cities and their global character, it has been observed that the postmodern urban structure, which is a product of the information age, adapts competition to a scale that exceeds administrative boundaries. It has been determined that Türkiye's metropolitan areas need a new and unique management approach and structure that captures the dynamics of the information age, that takes the functional aspects of space as a reference instead of population and administrative boundaries, that produces services that will make them stronger in global competition with a vision of rescaling and re-regionalization whose dominant paradigm and main focus is urban competition, that can produce data at the urban scale by adopting a whole-of-government understanding for the services produced, and that can benchmark these data with global cities.