Publication: Cehri (Rhamnus Petiolaris Boiss)bitkisinden pigment eldesi, analizi ve uygulamaları
Abstract
CEHRİ (RHAMNUS PETIOLARIS BOISS) BİTKİSİNDEN PİGMENT ELDESİ , ANALİZİ VE UYGULAMALARI Bu çalışmada, cehri (Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss) bitkisinin meyvelerinin içerdiği doğal boyarmaddelerin alüminyum(III), demir(II), kalay(II) ve kalsiyum(II) ile oluşturduğu doğal pigmentler elde edilmiştir. Cehri’ nin içerdiği en önemli boyarmaddelerden biri flavonoid olan rhamnetin, öteki de bir antrakinon olan emodin’ dir. Cehri meyvelerindeki boyarmaddeler sıcak su ile ekstrakte edildi. Sulu ekstrakt üzerine ayrı ayrı Al(III), Fe(II), Sn(II) ve Ca(II) çözeltileri katıldı. Ortam K2CO3 ile nötralleştirilerek bunların komplekslerinden oluşan pigmentler çöktürüldü. Bu pigmentlerin HPLC ile yapılan analizlerinde, Al(III) ve Ca(II) ile çöktürülen pigmentlerde rhamnetin ve emodin’ in birlikte bulunduğu, buna karşılık Sn(II) ve Fe(II) ile çöktürülen pigmentlerde yalnız emodin’ in bulunduğu saptandı. Elde edilen pigmentlerin fotoğrafları, stereoskopik mikroskop ile 2625 kez büyültülerek çekildi ve kristal yapıları incelendi. Pigmentlerin CIELAB renk uzayını oluşturan L* (parlaklık), a* (kırmızı / yeşil) ve b*(sarı/ mavi) değerleri ölçüldü. Ölçülen L*, a* ve b* değerleri kullanılarak pigmentler arasındaki renk farkı (uzaklığı) hesaplandı. Oluşan cehri-alüminyum(III), cehri-kalay(II) ve cehri-demir(II) pigmentleri kâğıt, karton ve pamuklu kumaşa bir bağlayıcı ile birlikte uygulandı ve fotoğrafları çekildi.
PIGMENTS OBTAINED FROM BUCKTHORN (RHAMNUS PETIOLARIS BOISS) PLANT: ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS In this study, aluminium(III), iron(II), tin(II), calcium(II) complexes of natural pigments have been prepared from the dyestuffs of buckthorn (Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss) plant berries. One of the most important dyestuffs present in buckthorn berries is anthraquinone emodin and the other one is flavonoid rhamnetin. Dyestuffs in buckthorn berries were extracted with hot water. Al(III), Fe(II), Sn(II) and Ca(II) solutions were added separately into the aqueous extract. This medium was neutralized with K2CO3 and the pigments involving these complexes were precipitated. According to HPLC analysis of this pigments, it was determined that both rhamnetin and emodin present in the pigments were precipitated by Al(III) and Ca(II) whereas only emodin was precipitated by Sn(II) and Fe(II). Photographs of the pigments were taken with a stereoscopic microscope with 2625 times enlargement and, crystal structure of pigments were investigated. L* (brightness), a* (red/ green) and b* (yellow/ blue) values which constitute the CIELAB colour space of pigments were measured. By using L*, a* and b* values, colour difference (distance) between pigments were calculated. Buckthorn-aluminium(III), buckthorn-tin(II) and buckthorn-iron(II) pigments were applied on paper, paperboard and cotton together with a binder and their photographs were taken.
PIGMENTS OBTAINED FROM BUCKTHORN (RHAMNUS PETIOLARIS BOISS) PLANT: ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS In this study, aluminium(III), iron(II), tin(II), calcium(II) complexes of natural pigments have been prepared from the dyestuffs of buckthorn (Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss) plant berries. One of the most important dyestuffs present in buckthorn berries is anthraquinone emodin and the other one is flavonoid rhamnetin. Dyestuffs in buckthorn berries were extracted with hot water. Al(III), Fe(II), Sn(II) and Ca(II) solutions were added separately into the aqueous extract. This medium was neutralized with K2CO3 and the pigments involving these complexes were precipitated. According to HPLC analysis of this pigments, it was determined that both rhamnetin and emodin present in the pigments were precipitated by Al(III) and Ca(II) whereas only emodin was precipitated by Sn(II) and Fe(II). Photographs of the pigments were taken with a stereoscopic microscope with 2625 times enlargement and, crystal structure of pigments were investigated. L* (brightness), a* (red/ green) and b* (yellow/ blue) values which constitute the CIELAB colour space of pigments were measured. By using L*, a* and b* values, colour difference (distance) between pigments were calculated. Buckthorn-aluminium(III), buckthorn-tin(II) and buckthorn-iron(II) pigments were applied on paper, paperboard and cotton together with a binder and their photographs were taken.