Publication: İslam Mimarîsinde Mezhep Etkisi: Fas Câmileri Örneği
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İslamiyet’in yaygın olduğu coğrafyaya bakıldığında mimarînin bölgelere göre farklı özellikler gösterdiği görülür. Çünkü bir mimarî eser bulunduğu yerin coğrafî ve iklim özellikleri, tarihçesi, eseri inşa eden toplumun inanç kaideleri, kültürü, gelenek ve görenekleri ile sosyal hayatların-dan izler taşır. Mesela 16. yüzyılda Osmanlı döneminde yapılan bir câmi ile İran’da Safevîler tarafından yapılan bir câmi ya da Kuzey Afrika’da Fas’ta Sâ’dîler döneminde yapılan bir câmi mimarî olarak birçok farklılık gösterir. Hepsi câmi olmasına ve aynı zaman diliminde inşa edil-melerine rağmen yukarıda değindiğimiz farklılıklar sebebiyle o coğrafyaya has özelliklerle bi-çimlenir.Hazreti Peygamber (s.a.s)’in vefatından sonra çeşitli sebeplerle ortaya çıkan mezhepler de mimarîyi etkileyen bir başka husustur. Bu araştırmamızda Fas coğrafyasını esas alarak bölge-de yaygın olan mezhebin câmi mimarîsi üzerine etkilerini örneklerle
When we take a look at the regions where Islam is widespread, we see that the architectural styles vary from region to region. The reason is that the geographical location, climatic conditi-ons and historical background of a place; the beliefs, culture, customs of the society and its social life have an impact upon the architecture. In this respect, when we examine a sixteen-century mosque which was built by different dynasties such as; Ottomans, Safavids of Iran or Saadians of Morocco, we realise that each of the mosque buildings has different architectural characteristics. Although all of them were built as mosques and constructed in the same time frame, each of them has been shaped by regional traditions of the place where it was built, as we mentioned above. _x000D_ Another factor that has an impact on the architecture is “madhabs” that emerged for various reasons after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h). In this study, we will try to explain the effects of the “madhab” on mosque architecture using Morocco as a case study where the Maliki madhab is largely prevalent.
When we take a look at the regions where Islam is widespread, we see that the architectural styles vary from region to region. The reason is that the geographical location, climatic conditi-ons and historical background of a place; the beliefs, culture, customs of the society and its social life have an impact upon the architecture. In this respect, when we examine a sixteen-century mosque which was built by different dynasties such as; Ottomans, Safavids of Iran or Saadians of Morocco, we realise that each of the mosque buildings has different architectural characteristics. Although all of them were built as mosques and constructed in the same time frame, each of them has been shaped by regional traditions of the place where it was built, as we mentioned above. _x000D_ Another factor that has an impact on the architecture is “madhabs” that emerged for various reasons after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h). In this study, we will try to explain the effects of the “madhab” on mosque architecture using Morocco as a case study where the Maliki madhab is largely prevalent.