Publication: İsmet sıfatı bağlamında peygamber zellelerine ilişkin ayetlere Fahreddin Razi’nin yaklaşımı
Abstract
İSMET SIFATI BAĞLAMINDA PEYGAMBER ZELLELERİNE İLİŞKİN AYETLERE FAHREDDİN RAZİ’NİN YAKLAŞIMI İnsanlık tarihi boyunca her dönemde, her topluma dinî emir ve yasakları bildirmek üzere peygamberler gönderilmiştir. Peygamberler birer beşer olarak diğer insanların sahip oldukları genel özelliklere sahiptirler. Bununla birlikte diğer insanlardan farklı olarak ilâhî elçilik görevini yerine getirmelerini sağlayacak birtakım üstün niteliklere de sahiptirler. Söz konusu nitelikler arasında en çok tartışılanı Peygamberlerin günah işlemekten korunmuş olmaları anlamına gelen “ismet” sıfatı olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, peygamberlerin ismetini ve bu bağlamda onların günah işlediklerini hissettiren âyetleri en geniş şekilde izah etmeye çalışan İslâm âlimlerden Fahreddin er-Râzî’nin yaklaşımı ortaya konmuştur. Râzî’nin savunmacı bir yöntemle peygamberlerin masumiyetini ispatlamaya çalıştığı görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda onların günah işlediklerini hissettiren ifâdeler, çeşitli te’villerle izah edilmiştir. Neticede peygamberlerin de insan olma bakımından birtakım küçük günahlar veya hatalar işleyebilecekleri fakat bunların peygamberlik vazifesine bir zarar vermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
THE APPROACH OF FAHRADDİN RAZİ ON VERSES OF PROPHET’ S ZELLES IN THE CONTEXT OF INFALLIBILITY ATTRIBUTE Throughout the history of mankind in every age, prophets have been sent to communities to inform religious commandments and prohibitions. As a human, prophets have general features like the other normal people have. However, they have some superior qualifications as distinct from the other people to fullfill their divine task. Among this qualifications the most controversial one is the attribute of infallibility (ismet) whose meaning is the protection of prophets from sins. In this study, it is exhibited the approach of Fahraddin al Razi who is the scholar trying to elucidate the attribute of infallibility and in this context some verses mentioning Prophet’ s sins in all details. It is appeared that Fahraddin al Razi is trying to demonstrate prophet’ s innocence using a defensive method. In this sense, it is explained the statements understood as prophets committing sins using various interpretations. Consequently, it is concluded that prophets make some mistakes and sins with regard to being human but they do not impair their prophethood mission.
THE APPROACH OF FAHRADDİN RAZİ ON VERSES OF PROPHET’ S ZELLES IN THE CONTEXT OF INFALLIBILITY ATTRIBUTE Throughout the history of mankind in every age, prophets have been sent to communities to inform religious commandments and prohibitions. As a human, prophets have general features like the other normal people have. However, they have some superior qualifications as distinct from the other people to fullfill their divine task. Among this qualifications the most controversial one is the attribute of infallibility (ismet) whose meaning is the protection of prophets from sins. In this study, it is exhibited the approach of Fahraddin al Razi who is the scholar trying to elucidate the attribute of infallibility and in this context some verses mentioning Prophet’ s sins in all details. It is appeared that Fahraddin al Razi is trying to demonstrate prophet’ s innocence using a defensive method. In this sense, it is explained the statements understood as prophets committing sins using various interpretations. Consequently, it is concluded that prophets make some mistakes and sins with regard to being human but they do not impair their prophethood mission.