Publication: Toplumsal hafızanın yeniden inşası bağlamında istanbul bienal mekânları
Abstract
Hafıza kavramı ve ona ilişkin kuramlar, farklı disiplinlerde ve farklı boyutlarıyla ele alınarak son yüzyılların popüler araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Özellikle hafızanın toplumsal yönü sosyal bilimler için bir çalışma alanı sunmuştur. Toplumsal hafıza mekân, zaman, tarih, kültür gibi araçlarla ilişkilendirilmiş ve etki alanları anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır.. Bu noktada tezin konusunu da toplumsal hafızanın mekân ile ilişkisi ve bu mekânların yeniden inşa sürecine nasıl katkı sağladığı oluşturmaktadır. İstanbul Bienalleri, sergileri için kullandıkları mekânlarla ön plana çıkmakta ve bu mekânlar kent hafızası için katkı sunmaktadır. Toplumsal hafızanın İstanbul Bienali mekânları aracılığıyla nasıl yeniden inşa edildiği, bu mekânların nasıl birer hafıza mekânlarına dönüştüğü ve kent hafızasına nasıl etki ettiği problemi bu araştırmanın esas problemini oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde İstanbul’un kent hafızası için önemli bir yer teşkil eden bienal sergi mekânlarının, bienaller aracılığıyla tekrar gündeme getirilmesiyle beraber, insanların hafızasında sergiler ve sergilerin temaları haricinde, ziyaret edilen mekânlarla ilgili bir hafıza inşa edilmektedir. Hafıza yeniden inşa edilirken, İstanbul Bienallerinin belli zamanlarda ve belli mekânlarda kolektif olarak gerçekleşmesi, sergi ziyaretçileri üzerinde ortak bir hafıza oluşturması, bu araştırmanın amacını ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmada yöntem olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile nitel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntem kapsamında İstanbul Bienallerini düzenleyen İKSV ekibinden 3 kişi ile birlikte İstanbul Bienal sergilerini ziyaret etmiş olan 12 kişi ile görüşülmüş ve toplamda 15 kişi ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde araştırmada sınırlılıkları belirlenmiş olan bazı bienal mekânlarının, toplumsal hafızayı inşa etmedeki etkilerine dair bulgular elde edilmiştir.
The concept of memory and the theories related to it have become a popular research area in the past centuries, being approached in different disciplines and with different dimensions. Especially, the social aspect of memory has provided a field of study for the social sciences. Social memory has been associated with tools such as space, time, history, and culture, and efforts have been made to understand its areas of influence. At this point, the topic of the thesis is also the relationship between social memory and space, and how these spaces contribute to the process of reconstruction. Istanbul Biennials stand out with the venues they use for their exhibitions and contribute to the city's memory. The main problem of this research is how the social memory is reconstructed through the venues of the Istanbul Biennial, how these venues are transformed into memory spaces, and how they affect the city's memory. Today, with the biennial exhibition venues that are important for Istanbul's urban memory being brought back to the agenda through biennials, a memory is constructed in people's minds not only about the exhibitions and their themes, but also about the visited venues. When reconstructing memory, the fact that Istanbul Biennials take place collectively at certain times and in certain venues, creating a common memory among exhibition visitors, reveals the purpose of this research. In this research, a qualitative method was used with a semi-structured interview technique. Within this method, interviews were conducted with 12 individuals who had visited Istanbul Biennials along with 3 members of the IKSV team who organize the Istanbul Biennials, making a total of 15 interviews. As a result of these interviews, findings were obtained regarding the effects of certain biennial venues, which had been identified as limitations in the research, on constructing social memory.
The concept of memory and the theories related to it have become a popular research area in the past centuries, being approached in different disciplines and with different dimensions. Especially, the social aspect of memory has provided a field of study for the social sciences. Social memory has been associated with tools such as space, time, history, and culture, and efforts have been made to understand its areas of influence. At this point, the topic of the thesis is also the relationship between social memory and space, and how these spaces contribute to the process of reconstruction. Istanbul Biennials stand out with the venues they use for their exhibitions and contribute to the city's memory. The main problem of this research is how the social memory is reconstructed through the venues of the Istanbul Biennial, how these venues are transformed into memory spaces, and how they affect the city's memory. Today, with the biennial exhibition venues that are important for Istanbul's urban memory being brought back to the agenda through biennials, a memory is constructed in people's minds not only about the exhibitions and their themes, but also about the visited venues. When reconstructing memory, the fact that Istanbul Biennials take place collectively at certain times and in certain venues, creating a common memory among exhibition visitors, reveals the purpose of this research. In this research, a qualitative method was used with a semi-structured interview technique. Within this method, interviews were conducted with 12 individuals who had visited Istanbul Biennials along with 3 members of the IKSV team who organize the Istanbul Biennials, making a total of 15 interviews. As a result of these interviews, findings were obtained regarding the effects of certain biennial venues, which had been identified as limitations in the research, on constructing social memory.