Publication: Türkiye'de birikim sürecinin değişen yapısının istihdam ve eğitimdeki yansımaları
Abstract
Bu çalışmada üretim sürecinde meydana gelen değişmeye bağlı olarak istihdamda ve eğitimde yaşanan dönüşüm incelenmiştir. Sermaye birikim sürecindeki gelişme; tarım, sanayi ve hizmet kesiminin GSMH içerisindeki paylarının değişmesine ve böylelikle sanayi ve hizmet kesiminin üretim gücünün artmasına neden olmuştur. Sanayi ve hizmet kesiminde meydana gelen bu değişim ise sektörlerdeki istihdam yapısının değişimini doğurmuştur. Tarımsal alanda yaşanan dönüşüm sonucunda tarımsal alandan sanayi ve hizmet kesimine doğru bir iş gücü akımı gerçekleşmiş, bu da buralarda çalışacak emek gücünün nitelikli olma sorununu gündeme getirmiştir. Nitelikli emek gücü, kapitalizmin özünü oluşturan artı değer yaratma sürecinin temel belirleyenini oluşturmaktadır. Bu hem yeni gelişen teknik bilgi ve teknolojilerin kullanımı yönünden hem de teknik ve teknolojilerin bilgisinin üretimi yönünden gerçekleşmektedir. Nitelikli emek gücüne duyulan ihtiyacın artması ise eğitimin dönüşüm geçirmesine neden olmuştur. Böylelikle istihdam ile eğitim arasında kapitalist üretim ilişkileriyle kurulan bağ üretim sürecindeki gelişme ile daha da artmıştır. Ulusal, uluslararası sermayelerin ve devletin nitelikli emek gücüne yönelik talepleri de bu anlamda önemli bir gösterge olmaktadır. Tüm aktörler genel olarak eğitimin istihdamın belirleyiciliği altına girmesini ve emeğin niteliklerini arttıracak şekilde düzenlenmesini talep etmektedirler.
Transformation experienced in employment and education depending on change in production process has been examined in this study. Development in capital accumulation process caused change of shares of agriculture, industry and service in GNP and therefore increase of production power of industry and service sectors. This change that occurred in industry and service sectors led change of their employment structure. Labor power flow from agricultural sector to industry and service sectors occurred as result of transformation experienced in agricultural field and this raised question of qualification of labor power to be employed in these sectors. Qualified labor power is the main determinant of surplus generation process that is essence of capitalism. This occurs both in terms of use of newly developed technical information and technologies and production of technique and technological information. Increase of need in qualified labor power has caused education to be transformed. In that way, link established between employment and education through capitalist production relations has been strengthened with the development in production process. Demands of national, international capital and states for qualified labor power are important indicators in these terms. All actors demand education to be subject to determination of employment in general and be organized in a way to increase qualifications of labor.
Transformation experienced in employment and education depending on change in production process has been examined in this study. Development in capital accumulation process caused change of shares of agriculture, industry and service in GNP and therefore increase of production power of industry and service sectors. This change that occurred in industry and service sectors led change of their employment structure. Labor power flow from agricultural sector to industry and service sectors occurred as result of transformation experienced in agricultural field and this raised question of qualification of labor power to be employed in these sectors. Qualified labor power is the main determinant of surplus generation process that is essence of capitalism. This occurs both in terms of use of newly developed technical information and technologies and production of technique and technological information. Increase of need in qualified labor power has caused education to be transformed. In that way, link established between employment and education through capitalist production relations has been strengthened with the development in production process. Demands of national, international capital and states for qualified labor power are important indicators in these terms. All actors demand education to be subject to determination of employment in general and be organized in a way to increase qualifications of labor.