Publication: Küresel ve yerel akışlar kavşağında İstanbul’da mekanın yeniden üretimi: gökdelenler örneği
Abstract
İstanbul son otuz yılda hem Türkiye’de hem de dünyada yaşanan değişimlerden önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel sorunsalı gökdelen örneğinde İstanbul’da mekânsal değişimlerin doğasının nasıl olduğunu anlamaktır. Bu süreci anlama girişiminde bu çalışma kentsel gerçeklikte sermaye birikiminin değişen yapılarını problematize eder. Bu etkiler aynı zamanda mekânsal olarak açığa çıkar. Bu yüzden değer akışlarının bu mekânsal yapılarda somutlaştığı İstanbul’da gökdelen oluşumuna odaklanır. İstanbul’da 1980’den sermaye birikim süreci yeni bir evreye girmiştir. Bu değişim küresel ekonomiyle entegrasyondan etkilenmiştir. Dünya ölçeğinde ve İstanbul’da sermaye birikim sürecinin dönüşümü İstanbul’un üretim kentinden hizmet kentine dönüşümünü hızlandırmıştır. Bu anlamda istanbulda mekânsal yeniden yapılanma anahtar bir role sahiptir ve bir fark yaratır. İstanbul örneğinde gökdelen oluşumu 1980’li yılların sonlarından itibaren küresel ve yerel akışların hızlanmasıyla gelişir. Mutlak mekânda gökdelen göreli mekanda akışların kontrol edildiği bir mekan üretimidir. Bununla birlikte bu değişim küresel kent yaklaşımı ile açıklanamaz. Türkiye’de kapitalizmin geç gelişmesi farklı bir gelişme dinamiğine neden olmuştur. Bu yüzden, küresel ve yerel akışların trafiğinin mekânsal etkilerine odaklaşır. Sonuç olarak gökdelenler küreselleşen İstanbul’un küresel ve yerel akışların somutlaştığı temel ikonu olmuştur.
Istanbul has dramatically been influenced by the changes existing both in Turkey and in the world in the three decade. The main problematic of our study is how to understand the nature of spatial changes in Istanbul in the case of skyscraper. In the attempt of understanding this process, this study problematizes the changing structures of capital accumulation in urban reality. This change is a process and also this process emerged spatially. Skyscraper in absolute space is the production of space that the flows are controlled in relative space. From the point of view of this, skyscrapers emerge as concrete spatial structures that the value flows embody. The capital accumulation process in Istanbul has entered a new phase since 1980 this change process has been influenced from the integration with global economy. In this condition, on the one hand the transform process of capital accumulation in Istanbul and in the worldwide since 1980 has been accelerated from production city to service city of Istanbul on the other hand the spatial restructuring in Istanbul has the key role. However, this change cannot be explained with the global city approach. The late development of capitalism in Turkey has caused a different development dynamic and therefore this study focuses on the spatial impacts of the traffic of global and local flows. In conclusion, the skyscrapers have become the main image of the global and local flows of globalizing Istanbul.
Istanbul has dramatically been influenced by the changes existing both in Turkey and in the world in the three decade. The main problematic of our study is how to understand the nature of spatial changes in Istanbul in the case of skyscraper. In the attempt of understanding this process, this study problematizes the changing structures of capital accumulation in urban reality. This change is a process and also this process emerged spatially. Skyscraper in absolute space is the production of space that the flows are controlled in relative space. From the point of view of this, skyscrapers emerge as concrete spatial structures that the value flows embody. The capital accumulation process in Istanbul has entered a new phase since 1980 this change process has been influenced from the integration with global economy. In this condition, on the one hand the transform process of capital accumulation in Istanbul and in the worldwide since 1980 has been accelerated from production city to service city of Istanbul on the other hand the spatial restructuring in Istanbul has the key role. However, this change cannot be explained with the global city approach. The late development of capitalism in Turkey has caused a different development dynamic and therefore this study focuses on the spatial impacts of the traffic of global and local flows. In conclusion, the skyscrapers have become the main image of the global and local flows of globalizing Istanbul.