Publication: Motor işletme şartlarının performansa etkilerinin incelenmesi
Abstract
İçten yanmalı motorlar, zamanla kullanım sonucu ve yetersiz bakım gibi nedenlerle başlangıçta sergiledikleri performansı gösteremezler. Yakıt tüketimi artar, performans azalır ve çevreyi de daha çok kirletirler. Gerek yakıt ekonomisi gerekse çevre bilinci motorlu araçlarda son yıllarda gerekli önlemlerin alınmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu önlemler arasında aracın; servis bakım ile birlikte motorlarda yapılan ayarlar önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bir dizel motorunun işletme parametrelerinin değiştirilmesiyle elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla dizel motoru bilgisayarlı motor test ünitesinde elektrikli dinamometrede (bremse) değişik supap ayar, değerlerinde ayarlanarak, yüklü teste tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan deneysel çalışma ve analizler, motor işletme parametreleri içerisinde değerlendirilen supap ayar değerlerinin motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarını öneli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Çalışma çerçevesinde dizel motorlarının çevrimleri, içten yanmalı motorlarda kullanılan supap sistemleri, supap zamanlaması ve kalkışının motor performansına etkileri konuları incelenmiştir. Yapılan deneyler ve incelemeler, içten yanmalı motorlarda, her çalışma şekli için standart supap aralık değerinin yeterli olmadığını göstermiştir.Bu nedenle, motorun değişik yük ve devir şartlarına cevap verecek değişken supap zamanlama sistemlerinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.
THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE CONDITIONS OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES TO THE PERFORMANCE The internal combustion engines loose their performance as the time goes by due to reasons such as usage and insufficient maintenance. Their use of fuel increases while the performance drops and they pollute the air more. Both the economizing of fuels and the awareness of the environmental pollution made it compulsory to take necessary measures for the motor vehicles compulsory. The adjustments made to the engine during the periodical servicing of the vehicle have increased their importance. In this study, the results that are obtained by the changing of the working parameters of a diesel engine have been evaluated. For this purpose, the engine was adjusted for various valve and values, in the electrical dynamometer in the computerized engine-testing unit. The experimental work and analysis made showed that the valve adjustments made which were evaluated within the parameters of the engine working have affected the performance of the engine and emissions from the exhaust considerably. In the study, the cycles of the diesel engines, the valve systems used in the internal combustion engines, the effects of the valve timing and start up on the performance of the engines have been investigated. The experiments and investigations made indicated that standard valve openings in the internal combustion engines were not sufficient for all types of work. Consequently, the fact that the need for variable valve timing proved necessary for meeting the varying loads and cycle conditions.
THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE CONDITIONS OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES TO THE PERFORMANCE The internal combustion engines loose their performance as the time goes by due to reasons such as usage and insufficient maintenance. Their use of fuel increases while the performance drops and they pollute the air more. Both the economizing of fuels and the awareness of the environmental pollution made it compulsory to take necessary measures for the motor vehicles compulsory. The adjustments made to the engine during the periodical servicing of the vehicle have increased their importance. In this study, the results that are obtained by the changing of the working parameters of a diesel engine have been evaluated. For this purpose, the engine was adjusted for various valve and values, in the electrical dynamometer in the computerized engine-testing unit. The experimental work and analysis made showed that the valve adjustments made which were evaluated within the parameters of the engine working have affected the performance of the engine and emissions from the exhaust considerably. In the study, the cycles of the diesel engines, the valve systems used in the internal combustion engines, the effects of the valve timing and start up on the performance of the engines have been investigated. The experiments and investigations made indicated that standard valve openings in the internal combustion engines were not sufficient for all types of work. Consequently, the fact that the need for variable valve timing proved necessary for meeting the varying loads and cycle conditions.