Publication: Nevevî’nin Yarım Kalmış “Magnum Opus”u: el-Mecmû‘ Şerhu’l-Mühezzeb
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Şâfiî mezhebinin önde gelen fürû fıkıh metinleri üzerine yaptığı çalışmalarla
mezhep literatürüne önemli katkılarda bulunan Nevevî, bu metinlerden
biri olan Şîrâzî’nin el-Mühezzeb’i üzerine el-Mecmû‘ adını verdiği bir şerh
yazmaya başlamış; geniş kapsamlı bir fıkıh kitabı olarak düşündüğü şerhte
sadece Şâfiî mezhebinin görüşleri ile mezhep içinde tartışılan meselelerle
sınırlı kalmayarak selef âlimleri de dâhil olacak şekilde neredeyse bütün
fakihlerin ve mezheplerin görüşlerini ele almıştır. Fıkıh konularını başta
hadis olmak üzere mücavir ilimlerdeki birikiminin ışığında ele alan Nevevî,
takip ettiği yöntem ve kapsamı geniş tutmak isteyişinden ötürü şerhi
tamamlayamamış, ibadet konularının ardından gelen “Büyû” bölümündeki
“Ribâ” başlığına kadar yazabilmiştir. Eseri ikmal etmek için girişimde
bulunan Takiyyüddin es-Sübkî de şerhi tamamlamaya muvaffak olamamış
ve belli başlıkları şerh edebilmiştir. Eserin geri kalan kısmı üzerine son
dönem Mısırlı âlimlerden Muhammed Necîb el-Mutîî tekmile yazmış ve
şerhi tamamlamıştır. Nevevî’nin gerek Şâfiîliğe gerekse umumi manada
İslam hukuk yazımına muhtelif açılardan katkılar sunduğu bu çalışma, Şâfiî
fıkhının önemli kaynaklarından biri olmasının yanı sıra mukayeseli İslam
hukuk kitapları arasında da seçkin bir yere sahiptir. Bu makalede kitabın
telif süreci, Nevevî’nin telifleri arasındaki yeri, muhteva ve yönteminin öne
çıkan hususiyetleri ele alınacak ve sonraki döneme olan etkilerinin izleri
sürülecektir.
Al-Nawawī made significant contributions to the literature of the Shāfiʿī school with his studies of the Shāfiʿī’s leading texts and had begun writing a commentary he titled al-Majmū‘ regarding one of these texts, al-Shīrāzī’s al- Muḥazzab. He considered his commentary to be a comprehensive book on fiqh, and in it, he didn’t just limit himself to the views and issues discussed within the Shāfiʿī school but also dealt with the views of almost all jurists and schools, including the early scholars. Al-Nawawī dealt with fiqh issues in light of his knowledge about related sciences, especially hadith, but was unable to complete the commentary due to the method he had followed and his desire to keep the scope wide. He was only able to write as far as the heading “Ribā” in the “Buyū‘” chapter following the topics of worships. Taqī al- Dīn al-Subkī attempted to complete the commentary but was also unable, instead only being able to comment on certain chapters. Muhammad Najīb al-Mutīī, a more recent Egyptian scholar, did manage to write a supplement to the rest of the work and complete the commentary. This work, in which al-Nawawī contributed to both Shāfiʿīyya and Islamic law in general, is one of the most important sources of the Shāfiʿī school and occupies a prominent place among comparative Islamic legal texts. This article discusses the process of composing the book, its place among al-Nawawī’s writings, and the salient features of its content and methodology and traces its influence on the later period.
Al-Nawawī made significant contributions to the literature of the Shāfiʿī school with his studies of the Shāfiʿī’s leading texts and had begun writing a commentary he titled al-Majmū‘ regarding one of these texts, al-Shīrāzī’s al- Muḥazzab. He considered his commentary to be a comprehensive book on fiqh, and in it, he didn’t just limit himself to the views and issues discussed within the Shāfiʿī school but also dealt with the views of almost all jurists and schools, including the early scholars. Al-Nawawī dealt with fiqh issues in light of his knowledge about related sciences, especially hadith, but was unable to complete the commentary due to the method he had followed and his desire to keep the scope wide. He was only able to write as far as the heading “Ribā” in the “Buyū‘” chapter following the topics of worships. Taqī al- Dīn al-Subkī attempted to complete the commentary but was also unable, instead only being able to comment on certain chapters. Muhammad Najīb al-Mutīī, a more recent Egyptian scholar, did manage to write a supplement to the rest of the work and complete the commentary. This work, in which al-Nawawī contributed to both Shāfiʿīyya and Islamic law in general, is one of the most important sources of the Shāfiʿī school and occupies a prominent place among comparative Islamic legal texts. This article discusses the process of composing the book, its place among al-Nawawī’s writings, and the salient features of its content and methodology and traces its influence on the later period.
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Keywords
Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler, Felsefe, Tarih, İlahiyat, Social Sciences and Humanities, Philosophy, History, Theology, Sanat ve Beşeri Bilimler (AHCI), Sanat ve Beşeri Bilimler, DİN, FELSEFE, TARİH, Arts & Humanities (AHCI), ARTS & HUMANITIES, RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY, HISTORY, Sosyal Bilimler ve Beşeri Bilimler, Dini çalışmalar, Social Sciences & Humanities, Religious Studies, al-Majmu', al-Muhazzab, al-Nawawi, al-Shirazi, Commentary, Islamic Law, Shafi'i School, İslam Hukuku, Nevevî, el-Mecmû‘, Şîrâzî, el-Mühezzeb, Şâfiîlik, Şerh
Citation
OKUYUCU N., "Al-Nawawi's Incomplete Magnum Opus: al-Majmu' Sharh al-Muhazzab Nevevî'nin Yarim Kalmiş "magnum Opus"u: el-Mecmû' Şerhu'l-Mühezzeb", Islam Tetkikleri Dergisi, cilt.14, sa.1, ss.59-87, 2024
