Publication: Finansal analiz sürecinde sistematik bir yaklaşım ve öneriler
Abstract
Günümüzde firmaların amacı, firma değerini ortaklar açısından yükseltmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda firmalar çeşitli konularda kararlar alırlar. Alınacak kararlar, likidite durumu, karlılık, mali yapı, yatırım projeleri, teknolojiye uyum gibi konularla ilgilidir. Dolayısıyla finansman kararlarının sonuçları, firma değeri üzerinde etkili olabilmektedir. Finansal analiz bize firma hakkında oran analizi, likidite durumu, mali yapısı, varlıkların kullanım etkinliği, karlılık durumu gibi bazı bilgiler verir. Oran analizinin sonuçlarına bakarak firmalar alacakları kararlara yön verebilirler. Bu çalışmada finansal tabloların mali analize hazır hale getirilmesi, düzeltme işlemleri, finansal oranlar ile firma arasında ilişkiyi ve bu ilişkinin oransal durumları ve bu oranlar vasıtasıyla likidite durumunun, mali yapının, varlıkların etkin kullanımının, karlılığın, üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Birinci bölümde; finansal analiz kavramı ve finansal analiz tekniklerine değinilmiş, finansal analiz tekniklerinden oran analizi detaylarıyla incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde; bilanço kavramı, yapısı ve düzeltmeleri incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, gelir tablosu kavramı, yapısı ve düzeltme işlemleri, dördüncü, bölümde, oranlar konusu detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Beşinci bölümde örnek mali tahlil çalışması olarak ABC Hava Yolları A.O. incelenmiş, altıncı bölümde ise diğer örnek çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir.
Nowadays, the purpose of firms is to increase the firm value according to part owners. In this purpose, firms take decisions in various issues. Those decisions is about the issues as; bank current position, profitability, financial position, investment projects, adaptation to technology. Therefore, results of financing adjudication can have effects on firm value. Financial analysis give us some information relation to the firm as ratio analysis, financial position, asset utilization efficiency, profitability. Firms can direct their possible desicions by the help of ratio analysis results. In this study it was examined that the financial tables get ready to financial analysis, correction processes, a relationship between financial rates and firm and by virtue of these rates the effects of bank current position of firm, financial position, asset utilization efficiency, profitability on firm value. In first part, it was mentioned about the concept of financial analysis and financial analysis techniques, ratio analysis, one of financial analysis techniques, was examined in a detailed way. In second part, the balance, its structure and its corrections, in third part income tables, its structure and its corrections, in fourth part, the ratio subjecs are examined. In fifth part, ABC A.O. was examined as an example of financial analysis. In six part, some other samples were assessed.
Nowadays, the purpose of firms is to increase the firm value according to part owners. In this purpose, firms take decisions in various issues. Those decisions is about the issues as; bank current position, profitability, financial position, investment projects, adaptation to technology. Therefore, results of financing adjudication can have effects on firm value. Financial analysis give us some information relation to the firm as ratio analysis, financial position, asset utilization efficiency, profitability. Firms can direct their possible desicions by the help of ratio analysis results. In this study it was examined that the financial tables get ready to financial analysis, correction processes, a relationship between financial rates and firm and by virtue of these rates the effects of bank current position of firm, financial position, asset utilization efficiency, profitability on firm value. In first part, it was mentioned about the concept of financial analysis and financial analysis techniques, ratio analysis, one of financial analysis techniques, was examined in a detailed way. In second part, the balance, its structure and its corrections, in third part income tables, its structure and its corrections, in fourth part, the ratio subjecs are examined. In fifth part, ABC A.O. was examined as an example of financial analysis. In six part, some other samples were assessed.
