Publication: Gelir eşitsizliği - kalkınma ilişkisi: Türkiye örneği
Abstract
Ülkeler kalkındıkça yaratılan refahın nasıl paylaşılacağı da iktisadi bir sorun olarak gündeme gelmektedir. Bu tezde Türkiye için 1990 sonrası dönemde kalkınma ve gelir eşitsizliği ilişkisi incelemiştir. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalar kişi başına gelir ile gelir eşitsizliğini ilişkilendirirken, bu çalışmada kişi başına gelir yerine Birleşmiş Milletlerin kalkınma ölçütü olan İnsani Gelişmişlik Endeksi (HDI) kullanılmıştır. Bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için ARDL sınır testine başvurulmuştur. Bulgular Türkiye’de kalkınma arttıkça gelir eşitsizliğinin düştüğünü ancak kalkınmanın ileriki safhalarında tekrar artma eğiliminde olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, literatürde ters U hipotezi olarak bilinen Kuznet eğirişinin Türkiye’de tam tersinin geçerli olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca bu sonuç, gelişmekte olan ülkelerin kalkınma serüveninin gelişmiş ülkelerdekinden çok farklı seyredebileceği görüşünü desteklemektedir.
The distribution of produced wealth, during countries’ development process, become one of the main topics in economics. In this dissertation, the relationship between development and income inequality was studied for Turkey for after 1990. As the income per capita and income inequality have been correlated by this time in this study instead of that, the Human Development Index (HDI) from United Nations was employed as a benchmark. ARDL bound testing method was used in order to study the relationship between these two variables. The results illustrate that the income inequality decrease during development process but also it is apt to increase in the further phase of development in Turkey. According to these findings, the reverse of Kuznet’s inverted U hypothesis is valid in Turkey. Besides, these results support that developing countries’ development path can be significantly different from developed countries’ path.
The distribution of produced wealth, during countries’ development process, become one of the main topics in economics. In this dissertation, the relationship between development and income inequality was studied for Turkey for after 1990. As the income per capita and income inequality have been correlated by this time in this study instead of that, the Human Development Index (HDI) from United Nations was employed as a benchmark. ARDL bound testing method was used in order to study the relationship between these two variables. The results illustrate that the income inequality decrease during development process but also it is apt to increase in the further phase of development in Turkey. According to these findings, the reverse of Kuznet’s inverted U hypothesis is valid in Turkey. Besides, these results support that developing countries’ development path can be significantly different from developed countries’ path.