Publication: Erken Osmanlı dönemi taş minberlerinde tezyinat
Abstract
Minber, İslam mimarisindeki en eski unsurlardandır. Dini vecibe olarak üzerinde hutbe okunmasının yanı sıra başa geçen siyasi rejimin kendi adına hutbe okutturduğu da yerdir. Hz. Peygamber’in minberinde hutbe iradından öte, önünde bazı davalar da görülmüştür. Özetle söylemek gerekirse, minberin hem siyasî hem de sosyal fonksiyonları olduğundan, mimarimizde oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti’nin erken dönem minberleri form ve süsleme açısından Selçuklu geleneğini devam ettirdiği görülmektedir. Başlangıçta Selçuklu izlerini taşıyan Erken Osmanlı minberleri içinden, kendine has özellikleri bulunan örnekler de çıkmıştır. Edirne Eski ve Amasya Mehmed Paşa camilerinin minberleri, kendi içlerinde özgünlük arz ederler. Bu zikrettiğimiz minberler, tasarım itibariyle diğer taş minberlerden ayrılırlar. Camiler ve minberler her biri kendi içinde bir bütünlük arz ederler. Tezyinat açısından zengin olan minberlerin yüzeylerinde, belli bölümlemeler yapılarak, geometrik ve bitkisel kompozisyonların kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Konumuzla alakalı yapmış olduğumuz literatür taramasından sonra, Osmanlı Devleti’nin dönem olarak 1300 ile 1520 tarihleri arasında kalan zaman dilimindeki 17 adet taş minberi listeledik ve bu minberlerin ölçekli bir şekilde fotoğraflanarak özellikle tezyinatı ile bilgisayar ortamında çizime aktarılması noktasında çalıştık. Bu zamana kadar gelmiş olan bu minberlerden özellikle Edirne Eski Camii’n desenleri bütünüyle bilgisayar ortamında çizime aktarılmamıştır. Amacımız, bu süslemelerin sadece fotoğraf olarak kalmasından ziyade, bu görsel zenginliğin çizimlerinin kayıt altına alınmasıdır.
The pulpit is one of the oldest elements in Islamic architecture. It is the place where the khutbah is read on its behalf as a religious duty, as well as the political regime that comes to power on its behalf. Hz. In the pulpit of the Prophet, some cases were also seen in front of him, beyond the will of the sermon. To summarize, since the pulpit had both political and social functions, it had a very important place in our architecture. It is seen that the early period pulpits of the Ottoman Empire continued the Seljuk tradition in terms of form and decoration. Among the Early Ottoman pulpits bearing the Seljuk traces in the beginning, examples with their own characteristics were also found. The pulpits of Edirne Eski and Amasya Mehmed Pasha mosques are unique in themselves. These minbars we have mentioned differ from other stone minbars in terms of design. Mosques and minbars each present a unity within themselves. It is seen that geometric and herbal compositions are used by making certain partitions on the surfaces of the minbars, which are rich in ornaments. After the literature review we have done on our subject, we have listed 17 stone minbars in the period between 1300 and 1520 of the Ottoman Empire, and we have worked on transferring these minbars to a drawing in computer environment by photographing them in scale. The patterns of these pulpits, especially the Edirne Old Mosque, which have come to this time, have not been completely transferred to the drawing in the computer environment. Our aim is to record the drawings of this visual richness, rather than keeping these decorations as just photographs.
The pulpit is one of the oldest elements in Islamic architecture. It is the place where the khutbah is read on its behalf as a religious duty, as well as the political regime that comes to power on its behalf. Hz. In the pulpit of the Prophet, some cases were also seen in front of him, beyond the will of the sermon. To summarize, since the pulpit had both political and social functions, it had a very important place in our architecture. It is seen that the early period pulpits of the Ottoman Empire continued the Seljuk tradition in terms of form and decoration. Among the Early Ottoman pulpits bearing the Seljuk traces in the beginning, examples with their own characteristics were also found. The pulpits of Edirne Eski and Amasya Mehmed Pasha mosques are unique in themselves. These minbars we have mentioned differ from other stone minbars in terms of design. Mosques and minbars each present a unity within themselves. It is seen that geometric and herbal compositions are used by making certain partitions on the surfaces of the minbars, which are rich in ornaments. After the literature review we have done on our subject, we have listed 17 stone minbars in the period between 1300 and 1520 of the Ottoman Empire, and we have worked on transferring these minbars to a drawing in computer environment by photographing them in scale. The patterns of these pulpits, especially the Edirne Old Mosque, which have come to this time, have not been completely transferred to the drawing in the computer environment. Our aim is to record the drawings of this visual richness, rather than keeping these decorations as just photographs.