Publication: Şahsiyet eğitimi yönüyle siyasetnameler ve Manisalı Ahmed Esad Efendi’nin Nasîhatü’l-Mülûk tercümesi (inceleme-metin)
Abstract
Türk-İslam eğitim geleneği; duyguların tekâmülü, kendilik bilgisi ve şahsiyet olgunluğu üzerine kuruludur. Bilginin öğrenilmesi kadar onun içselleştirilmesi ve olumlu davranışa dönüşmesi temel bir gaye olarak benimsenir. Siyaset düşüncesine zemin teşkil eden ve edebî nitelik taşıyan siyasetnameler bu gayeye münasip olarak son derece önemli veriler içerir. Devlet yöneticilerini doğrudan muhatap alarak öncelikle onlara, yönetime ilişkin sorumlulukları hatırlatan siyasetnamelerde ayrıca toplumun refahı için gerekli ilke ve değerler dile getirilir. Tepeden tabana kadar toplumun bütün bireyleri bu ilke ve değerler bağlamında organik bütünlük içinde sorumlu görülür. Bu çalışma genel olarak yöneten ve yönetilen arasındaki ahlaki sorumluluğa dayanan ilişkiye odaklanarak siyasetnamelerde idealize edilen şahsiyetin vasıflarını belirginleştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışmada ayrıca bu genel çerçeveye uygun olarak Türkçeye en çok tercüme edilmiş siyasetnamelerden biri olan İmam Gazâlî’nin (ö.505/ 1111) Nasîhatü’l-mülûk isimli eserinin 19. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Manisalı Ahmed Esad Efendi tarafından yapılan tercümesinin örnekliğinden istifade edilerek şahsiyet eğitimine ilişkin öne çıkan bazı kavramlar incelenecektir. Bunlara ek olarak çalışmada ulaşılabilen tek nüshası Manisa İl Halk Kütüphanesi Koleksiyonuna 45 Hk 5082 numara ile kayıtlı, istinsah tarihi 1836 olan eserin metin transkripsiyonu, dil, üslup ve imla özellikleri; mütercimin kaynak metne katkıları, tercümenin yapısal özellikleri ve detaylı içerik incelemesi yer alacaktır.
The Turkish-Islamic tradition of education is built upon the development of emotions, self-knowledge and maturity of personality. As much as acquiring the knowledge, its internalisation and transformation into positive behavior is adopted as a foundational purpose. Siyasetnames which constitute the basis of political thought and carry literary quality, embody exceptionally cardinal data fit for this purpose. In siyasetnames, through directly addressing state rulers to remind them of their responsibilities regarding governance, the principles and values necessary for the well-being of society are also expressed. From the upper to lower classes, all members of the society are deemed answerable as an organic whole in the context of these principles and values. This study aims to concretise the characteristics of the idealized personage in siyasetnames by focusing generally on the moral obligation-based relationship between the ruler and the subjects. In accordance with this general framework, some prominent concepts related to personality education will be examined in the study, by making use of the example of the translation of Imam al-Ghazālī's (d.505/ 1111) Nasīhat al-mulūk, one of the most translated siyasetnames into Turkish, transcribed by Manisalı Ahmed Esad Efendi in the first half of the 19th century. In addition to these, the study will include the text transcription, language, style and spelling features of the piece; the only copy of which is registered in the Manisa Provincial Public Library Collection, its number 45 Hk 5082 and date of printing in 1836; the translator's contributions to the source text, the structural features of the translation and detailed content analysis of the work.
The Turkish-Islamic tradition of education is built upon the development of emotions, self-knowledge and maturity of personality. As much as acquiring the knowledge, its internalisation and transformation into positive behavior is adopted as a foundational purpose. Siyasetnames which constitute the basis of political thought and carry literary quality, embody exceptionally cardinal data fit for this purpose. In siyasetnames, through directly addressing state rulers to remind them of their responsibilities regarding governance, the principles and values necessary for the well-being of society are also expressed. From the upper to lower classes, all members of the society are deemed answerable as an organic whole in the context of these principles and values. This study aims to concretise the characteristics of the idealized personage in siyasetnames by focusing generally on the moral obligation-based relationship between the ruler and the subjects. In accordance with this general framework, some prominent concepts related to personality education will be examined in the study, by making use of the example of the translation of Imam al-Ghazālī's (d.505/ 1111) Nasīhat al-mulūk, one of the most translated siyasetnames into Turkish, transcribed by Manisalı Ahmed Esad Efendi in the first half of the 19th century. In addition to these, the study will include the text transcription, language, style and spelling features of the piece; the only copy of which is registered in the Manisa Provincial Public Library Collection, its number 45 Hk 5082 and date of printing in 1836; the translator's contributions to the source text, the structural features of the translation and detailed content analysis of the work.