Publication: Rûmiyâne Libâs-ile Pîrâste ve Türkî Etvâr-ile Ârâste: Siyaset Düşüncesi Eserlerinin Osmanlı Türkçesine Tercüme Sebepleri Üzerine Bazı Tespitler
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Osmanlı Devleti’nde ağırlıklı olarak ulema ve bürokratlar tarafından siyaset
düşüncesi alanında Arapça ve Farsçadan yapılan tercümeler Osmanlı siyaset
düşüncesinin kurucu unsurlarını oluşturmaktadır. İslam siyaset düşüncesi
eserlerinin Osmanlı döneminde Türkçeye tercüme edilme sebeplerine
odaklanan bu makale, kendisini Osmanlı klasik dönemiyle (14-18. yy arası)
sınırlamaktadır. Bu makale, anılan dönemde siyaset alanında yapıldığı tespit
edilen 172 tercüme metnin, tercüme edilen eserlerin niçin seçildiği, aynı
eserin varsa daha önceki tercümelerinin durumuna dair değerlendirme içerip
içermediği, tercümelerde nasıl bir usulün niçin takip edildiği, tercümede
yapılan eksiltme yahut ilave gibi tasarrufların gerekçelerinin neler olduğu
gibi hususlara yer veren mukaddime kısımlarına odaklanacak ve daha ziyade
mütercimlerin metinleri niçin tercüme ettiklerine dair verdikleri bilgiler
incelenecektir. Böylece Osmanlı Devleti’nde siyaset düşüncesini üretme
yollarından biri olan tercüme eserlerin ortaya çıkışında hangi saiklerin etkili
olduğu belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır. Makalede kimi zaman birbiriyle iç içe
geçen tercüme sebepleri olabildiğince ayrıştırılarak ve örneklendirilerek
ele alınmış olup toplamda on dört farklı tercüme sebebi belirlenmiştir. Bu
gerekçeler makalede şu başlıklar altında sıralanmıştır: Faydayı umuma teşmil
etmek, devlet ricalinin talebi, önceki tercümelerin yetersiz, problemli yahut
anlaşılması zor olması, alanının en iyi kitabı olduğu için tercüme, sevap elde
etmek/hayır dua almak/âhireti kazanmak, emr bi’l-ma‘rûf kaygısı/şehzade
eğitimi/irşad etme ve nasihat verme arzusu, şahsi tercihler/tercüme fikrinin
mütercimin gönlüne doğması, metnin kolay ezberlenebilmesi, metnin kolay
anlaşılıp yorumlanabilmesi, rızık endişesi/maişet kaygısı, metnin Türkçe
ifade edilmesinin gerekli görülmesi, müellifin tercüme talebi, eser telif
edilmesi durumunda kişiye yöneltilecek tenkitlerden kaçınmak, eser telif
edecek birikimi olmamak.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İslam Siyaset Düşüncesi, Osmanlı Siyaset Düşüncesi,
Tercüme Hareketleri, Sebeb-i Tercüme, Siyaset
Translations from Arabic and Persian in the field of political thought mainly by Ottoman scholars and bureaucrats constitute the founding elements of Ottoman political thought. This article attempts to shed light on the reasons works on Islamic political thought were translated into Turkish during the Ottoman period by limiting itself to the Ottoman classical period between the 14th-18th centuries. The article examines 172 translated texts that were found to have been made in the field of politics during this period, why these texts had been chosen, whether they contain an assessment of any previous translation of the same work, what procedures were followed when translating, and the reasons for making any omissions or additions to the translation. This study examines the information the translators provided as to why they had translated the texts in an attempt to determine which motives were effective in the emergence of translated works, which was one of the ways political thought had been produced in the Ottoman Empire. The article discusses the sometimes-overlapping reasons for translating by deconstructing and exemplifying as much as possible the 14 different reasons that were identified in total. The article lists these reasons under the following headings: extending benefits to the public; requested by politicians; the insufficiency, problems, or difficulties understanding previous translations; the work being the best in its field; hoping to obtain rewards, receive blessings, and earn paradise; wanting to commend what is right and forbid what is wrong, training princes, wanting to guide and advise; as a personal preference, the translator bears the idea of translating in their heart; the text having language that is easily memorized; the text being easily understandable and interpretable; for survival, to earn money; the need to express the text in Turkish; an author’s request for translation; avoiding criticisms directed at an author for original work; and lacking a sufficient intellectual capacity to create an independent work. Keywords: Islamic Political Thought, Ottoman Political Thought, Translation Movements, Reasons for Translation, Politics
Translations from Arabic and Persian in the field of political thought mainly by Ottoman scholars and bureaucrats constitute the founding elements of Ottoman political thought. This article attempts to shed light on the reasons works on Islamic political thought were translated into Turkish during the Ottoman period by limiting itself to the Ottoman classical period between the 14th-18th centuries. The article examines 172 translated texts that were found to have been made in the field of politics during this period, why these texts had been chosen, whether they contain an assessment of any previous translation of the same work, what procedures were followed when translating, and the reasons for making any omissions or additions to the translation. This study examines the information the translators provided as to why they had translated the texts in an attempt to determine which motives were effective in the emergence of translated works, which was one of the ways political thought had been produced in the Ottoman Empire. The article discusses the sometimes-overlapping reasons for translating by deconstructing and exemplifying as much as possible the 14 different reasons that were identified in total. The article lists these reasons under the following headings: extending benefits to the public; requested by politicians; the insufficiency, problems, or difficulties understanding previous translations; the work being the best in its field; hoping to obtain rewards, receive blessings, and earn paradise; wanting to commend what is right and forbid what is wrong, training princes, wanting to guide and advise; as a personal preference, the translator bears the idea of translating in their heart; the text having language that is easily memorized; the text being easily understandable and interpretable; for survival, to earn money; the need to express the text in Turkish; an author’s request for translation; avoiding criticisms directed at an author for original work; and lacking a sufficient intellectual capacity to create an independent work. Keywords: Islamic Political Thought, Ottoman Political Thought, Translation Movements, Reasons for Translation, Politics
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KAVAK Ö., "Rûmiyâne Libâs-ile Pîrâste ve Türkî Etvâr-ile Ârâste: Siyaset Düşüncesi Eserlerinin Osmanlı Türkçesine Tercüme Sebepleri Üzerine Bazı Tespitler", İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi, cilt.13, sa.1, ss.423-463, 2023
