Publication: Marmara denizinde akustik yayılım modelleri kullanılarak sonar sistemlerinin performans analizi
Abstract
Bu tezde Marmara Denizi'nde belirlenen üç bölge (doğu, batı, orta eksenlerinde seçilmiş) için Deniz Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı Seyir Hidrografi ve Oşinografi Dairesi Başkanlığı’ndan alınan ve açık kaynaklardan temin edilen Marmara Denizine ait oşinografik veriler LYBIN akustik tahmin modelleme kullanılarak, dört mevsimi temsil eden aylar (Ocak, Mayıs, Temmuz ve Ekim) ve iki farklı aktif sonar tipi (Karinaya monteli & Değişken derinlikli) dikkate alınarak su altı nesneleri tespitinin yapılabileceği ve yapılamayacağı alanların gösterildiği sonar yakalama/ tespit alanları belirlenmiştir. Marmara Denizi'nde kaotik su şartlarının oluşturduğu zorluklar karinaya monteli sonarın (HMS) performansını ciddi şekilde sınırlandırırken, değişken derinlikli sonarın (VDS) bu zorlukları daha kolay aşabildiği modelleme sonuçlarından çıkan sonuçlara göre VDS sonar tüm mevsimlerde / bölgelerde HMS sonara göre daha başarılı olduğu ve ortalama %27 oranında daha fazla tespit alanı ve daha az gölge alan (tespit olasılığı çok düşük alanlar) oluşturduğu Marmara Denizi için VDS’in tercih edilmesi gerektiği ortaya konmuştur. Akdeniz, Karadeniz ve Ege Denizinde sonarlar ile yapılmış farklı analizler olmakla birlikte iki faklı sonar tipinin (HMS & VDS) Marmara Denizinde karşılaştırılmasına yönelik akademik kaynaklarda bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu tez literatürdeki bu eksikliği de tamamlamaktadır. Ayrıca elde edilen analiz sonuçlarının, Marmara Denizi gibi ülkemiz en büyük sanayi ve askeri üslerinin olduğu bu bölgede (Donanma Komutanlığı, İstanbul Tersanesi Komutanlığı, Tüpraş vb. gibi) etkin bir sualtı gözetleme ve tespit sisteminin tasarlanması çalışmalarında önemli bir altyapı olabileceği değerlendirilmektedir. Marmara Denizi, akustik yayılım, sonar performansı, karinaya monteli sonar (HMS), değişken derinlikli sonar (VDS), mevsimsel tabakalaşma, akustik gölge bölgeler.
In this thesis, sonar detection zones representing areas where underwater objects can or cannot be identified were determined for three selected regions of the Sea of Marmara (eastern, western, and central axes). This was achieved by employing oceanographic data obtained from the Turkish Navy Hydrography and Oceanography Department, supplemented with publicly available datasets, and processed through the LYBIN acoustic prediction modeling software. The analysis considered four representative months for seasonal conditions (January, May, July, and October) and two distinct active sonar systems: hull-mounted sonar (HMS) and variable depth sonar (VDS). The chaotic hydrographic conditions of the Sea of Marmara were found to severely constrain the performance of HMS, whereas VDS demonstrated a greater capacity to overcome these limitations. According to the modeling results, VDS outperformed HMS across all seasons and regions, providing on average 27% larger detection areas and fewer shadow zones (regions with very low detection probability). Consequently, the findings suggest that VDS is the preferred option for operations in the Sea of Marmara. Although various sonar analyses have been conducted in the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and Aegean Sea, no academic study to date has comparatively examined these two sonar types (HMS and VDS) in the context of the Sea of Marmara. This thesis therefore addresses a critical gap in the existing literature. Furthermore, the results of the analysis are considered to provide a valuable foundation for the design of an effective underwater surveillance and detection system in the Sea of Marmara a region of strategic importance that hosts major industrial and military bases, including the Naval Forces Command, Istanbul Shipyard Command, and the Tüpraş oil refinery. Sea of Marmara, acoustic propagation, sonar performance, hull-mounted sonar (HMS), variable depth sonar (VDS), seasonal stratification, acoustic shadow zones.
In this thesis, sonar detection zones representing areas where underwater objects can or cannot be identified were determined for three selected regions of the Sea of Marmara (eastern, western, and central axes). This was achieved by employing oceanographic data obtained from the Turkish Navy Hydrography and Oceanography Department, supplemented with publicly available datasets, and processed through the LYBIN acoustic prediction modeling software. The analysis considered four representative months for seasonal conditions (January, May, July, and October) and two distinct active sonar systems: hull-mounted sonar (HMS) and variable depth sonar (VDS). The chaotic hydrographic conditions of the Sea of Marmara were found to severely constrain the performance of HMS, whereas VDS demonstrated a greater capacity to overcome these limitations. According to the modeling results, VDS outperformed HMS across all seasons and regions, providing on average 27% larger detection areas and fewer shadow zones (regions with very low detection probability). Consequently, the findings suggest that VDS is the preferred option for operations in the Sea of Marmara. Although various sonar analyses have been conducted in the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and Aegean Sea, no academic study to date has comparatively examined these two sonar types (HMS and VDS) in the context of the Sea of Marmara. This thesis therefore addresses a critical gap in the existing literature. Furthermore, the results of the analysis are considered to provide a valuable foundation for the design of an effective underwater surveillance and detection system in the Sea of Marmara a region of strategic importance that hosts major industrial and military bases, including the Naval Forces Command, Istanbul Shipyard Command, and the Tüpraş oil refinery. Sea of Marmara, acoustic propagation, sonar performance, hull-mounted sonar (HMS), variable depth sonar (VDS), seasonal stratification, acoustic shadow zones.
Description
Keywords
acoustic propagation, acoustic shadow zones, akustik gölge bölgeler Sea of Marmara, akustik yayılım, değişken derinlikli sonar (VDS), Electric engineering, Electronics engineering, Elektrik mühendisliği, Elektronik mühendisliği, hull-mounted sonar (HMS), karinaya monteli sonar (HMS), Marmara Denizi, mevsimsel tabakalaşma, seasonal stratification, sonar performance, sonar performansı, variable depth sonar (VDS)