Publication: The contributions of the gentrification process in Istanbul
Abstract
19. yüzyıldan bu yana, nüfusun çoğunluğu şehir merkezlerinde ikamet etmeye başladıkça kentsel yerleşimlerde ciddi değişiklikler yaşanmıştır. Bu şehirler devletlerin genel ekonomik ve sosyal yapısının ana bileşeni haline gelmiştir. Değişen ekonomik sistemler ve toplumların değişen sosyal yapıları da şehirlerde kurulan yerleşim ve binaların fiziksel ve kültürel yapısını etkilemiştir. Bu gelişmelerle yaşanan kentsel dönüşüm, sermayeyi çekmek için “daha iyi” yapılandırılmış şehirlerle ilgili bir kavramın kurulmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Değişen ekonomi sistemleri ve şehir yapılanmaları dünyadaki her pazarı etkilemeye devam ettikçe, inşaat sektörü de etkilenerek kentsel kimliği, bireysel yaşamları ve ekonomik gelişmeleri değiştirmiştir.Tüm dünyada “daha iyi” yapılandırılmış şehirler yapmanın bir yolu olarak ‘’soylulaştırma’’ uygulanmaktadır. Her ne kadar farklı durumlarda görülen farklı uygulamalar olsa da olsa da, her örnekte genel ortaklıklar gözlenebilmektedir. Kısaca, şehirlerin “soylulaştırılması” için yapılan yeni projelerden ekonomik büyüme büyük ölçüde etkileniyor. Gayri safi yurtiçi hasılada birim konut fiyatlarındaki eşzamanlı artışla gözlemlenebilecek artış, her bireyin satın alma gücü ile her zaman ilişkili değildir. Dolayısıyla bu tezde ilk olarak dünyada ve Türkiye'de soylulaşmanın ortaya çıkışı tartışılacaktır Ardından, hipotezler incelenecektir. Bu yazının iki hipotezi, soylulaştırmanın genel ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini ve soylulaştırmanın soylulaştırılmış mahallelerde eski sakinlerin yer değiştirme eğilimleri üzerindeki etkilerini kapsayacaktır.
Since 19th century drastic changes have been experienced in terms of urban settlements as the majority of the population started residing in these areas. These cities became the major component of overall economic and social structure of the states. Changing economic systems and changing social structures of the communities have also affected the physical and cultural structure of the settlements and buildings established within the provinces. Urban transformation, which was experienced with these developments, has paved the way for establishment of a notion that is related with “better” structured provinces in order to attract the capital. As urban economies has continued to affect every market in the world, construction industry is also affected which in turn has altered the urban identity, individual lives and economic developments.Gentrification as a way to make “better” structured districts was introduced all over the world. Even though, it has been carried out in slightly different implementations in different states, in overall commonalities could be observed in each example. That is, economic growth is heavily affected by the new projects to “gentrify” the province. Increase in the gross domestic product which could be observed with the simultaneous increase in unit house pricings, is not always correlated with the purchase power of each individual. Hence, this piece will first discuss the emergence of gentrification in the world and in Turkey. Then, the hypotheses are examined. Two hypotheses of this piece will cover the effects of gentrification on the overall economic growth and the effects of gentrification on the displacement trends of former residents in the gentrified neighborhoods.
Since 19th century drastic changes have been experienced in terms of urban settlements as the majority of the population started residing in these areas. These cities became the major component of overall economic and social structure of the states. Changing economic systems and changing social structures of the communities have also affected the physical and cultural structure of the settlements and buildings established within the provinces. Urban transformation, which was experienced with these developments, has paved the way for establishment of a notion that is related with “better” structured provinces in order to attract the capital. As urban economies has continued to affect every market in the world, construction industry is also affected which in turn has altered the urban identity, individual lives and economic developments.Gentrification as a way to make “better” structured districts was introduced all over the world. Even though, it has been carried out in slightly different implementations in different states, in overall commonalities could be observed in each example. That is, economic growth is heavily affected by the new projects to “gentrify” the province. Increase in the gross domestic product which could be observed with the simultaneous increase in unit house pricings, is not always correlated with the purchase power of each individual. Hence, this piece will first discuss the emergence of gentrification in the world and in Turkey. Then, the hypotheses are examined. Two hypotheses of this piece will cover the effects of gentrification on the overall economic growth and the effects of gentrification on the displacement trends of former residents in the gentrified neighborhoods.